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Answers
Answer 1-
Well-Labelled Diagram of Animal Cell
Animal Cell
The Cell Organelles are membrane-bound, present within the cells. There are various organelles present within the cell and are classified into three categories based on the presence or absence of membrane.
Listed below are the Cell Organelles of an animal cell along with their functions.
- The cell membrane is a double-layered membrane made up of phospholipids that surrounds the entire cell. The membrane is selectively permeable and allows only certain molecules to pass through.
- Cytosol is the fluid present within a cell that is made up of water and ions such as potassium, proteins and small molecules.
- Cytoskeleton is the network of tubules and filaments found throughout the cytoplasm. It provides proper shape to the cell and plays a role in cell signalling.
- The nucleus contains the genetic material DNA located in the nucleolus region of the nucleus. The nucleus is separated from the rest of the cell by a nuclear membrane. It also regulated the growth and division of cells.
- Ribosomes are found freely in the cytoplasm of the cell or attached to the membranes of endoplasmic reticulum. They help in the synthesis of proteins.
- The endoplasmic membrane consists of a network of membranous sacs called cisternae that branches off from the nuclear membrane. It is of two types, rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. It helps in transporting proteins synthesised by the ribosomes.
- The vesicles help in transporting molecules from one organelle to another.
- Golgi apparatus receives proteins from endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into vesicles.
- Mitochondria is also known as the “powerhouse of the cell”. The process of cellular respiration occurs here during which energy is released in the form of ATP.
Answer 2 -
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies (like oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, aquifers, and groundwater) usually caused due to human activities. Water pollution is any change in the physical, chemical or biological properties of water that will have a detrimental consequence of any living organism.
Effects of Pollution of Water
- Diseases: In humans, drinking or consuming polluted water in any way has many disastrous effects on our health. It causes typhoid, cholera, hepatitis and various other diseases.
- Destruction of Ecosystems: Ecosystems are extremely dynamic and respond to even small changes in the environment. Water pollution can cause an entire ecosystem to collapse if left unchecked.
- Eutrophication: Chemicals in a water body, encourage the growth of algae. These algae form a layer on top of the pond or lake. Bacteria feed on this algae and this decreases the amount of oxygen in the water body, severely affecting the aquatic life there.
- Effects the food chain: Disruption in food chains happens when toxins and pollutants in the water are consumed by aquatic animals (fish, shellfish etc) which are then consumed by humans.
Answer:
Water pollution is the release of substances into bodies of water that makes water unsafe for human use and disrupts aquatic ecosystems.
Effects of Pollution of Water
•Diseases: In humans, drinking or consuming polluted water in any way has many disastrous effects on our health. It causes typhoid, cholera, hepatitis and various other diseases.
•Destruction of Ecosystems: Ecosystems are extremely dynamic and respond to even small changes in the environment. Water pollution can cause an entire ecosystem to collapse if left unchecked.
•Eutrophication: Chemicals in a water body, encourage the growth of algae. These algae form a layer on top of the pond or lake. Bacteria feed on this algae and this decreases the amount of oxygen in the water body, severely affecting the aquatic life there.
•Effects the food chain: Disruption in food chains happens when toxins and pollutants in the water are consumed by aquatic animals (fish, shellfish etc) which are then consumed by humans.
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