Question

(0) 0 2. Write definitions. a. Nutrition. b. Nutrients c. Proteins. d. Cellular respiration e. Aerobic respiration. f. Glycolysis. 3. Distinguish between a. Glycolysis and TCA cycle. b. Mitosis and meiosis. e Aerobic and anaerobic respiration.​

Answer 1

Nutrition : The process of intake of food and its proper utilisation in the body is termed as nutrition.

Nutrients : Components of food such as

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins

and minerals are called nutrients.

Proteins : Proteins are large

biomolecules and macromolecules are

comprised of one or more long chains

of amino acids residues.

Cellular Respiration : It is the process of

exchange of gases in the cells. Oxygen

is used to oxidise food with the release

of carbon dioxide and water along with

energy. As this process takes place

within the cells of our body, it is known

also as internal respiration.

Aerobic Respiration : The

process of oxidation of

food with the help of

oxygen present in air to

release energy is called

aerobic respiration.

Glycolysis : Glycolysis is the

metabolic pathway that converts

glucose C₆H₁₂O₆, into pyruvic acid,

CH₃COCOOH.

• Distinguish between Glycolysis and Tca Cycle :
• Glycolysis is the first step involved in the process of respiration whereas TCA cycle is the second process in respiration.
• Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm whereas TCA cycle operates inside the mitochondria.
• In glycolysis, the net gain is equal to 8 ATP molecules whereas in TCA cycle it is equal to 24 molecules of ATP.
• In glycolysis, carbon dioxide is not evolved whereas in TCA cycle carbon dioxide is evolved.

Answer 2

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the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.

$\bf\underbrace\red{Nutrients}$

Nutrients are compounds in foods essential to life and health, providing us with energy, the building blocks for repair and growth and substances necessary to regulate chemical processes. There are six major nutrients: Carbohydrates (CHO), Lipids (fats), Proteins, Vitamins, Minerals, Water.