0 13:- Differentiate between diffusion and osmosis.
Answers
Explanation:
Definitions
Osmosis: Osmosis is the movement of solvent particles across a semipermeable membrane from a dilute solution into a concentrated solution. The solvent moves to dilute the concentrated solution and equalize the concentration on both sides of the membrane.
Diffusion: Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration. The overall effect is to equalize concentration throughout the medium.
Examples
Examples of Osmosis: Examples include red blood cells swelling up when exposed to freshwater and plant root hairs taking up water. To see an easy demonstration of osmosis, soak gummy candies in water. The gel of the candies acts as a semipermeable membrane.
Examples of Diffusion: Examples of diffusion include the scent of perfume filling a whole room and the movement of small molecules across a cell membrane. One of the simplest demonstrations of diffusion is adding a drop of food coloring to water. Although other transport processes do occur, diffusion is the key player.
Differences
Diffusion can occur in any mixture, including one that includes a semipermeable membrane, while osmosis always occurs across a semipermeable membrane.
When people discuss osmosis in biology, it always refers to the movement of water. In chemistry, it's possible for other solvents to be involved. In biology, this is a difference between the two processes.
One big difference between osmosis and diffusion is that both solvent and solute particles are free to move in diffusion, but in osmosis, only the solvent molecules (water molecules) cross the membrane. This can be confusing because while the solvent particles are moving from higher to lower solvent concentration across the membrane, they are moving from lower to higher solute concentration, or from a more dilute solution to a region of more concentrated solution. This occurs naturally because the system seeks balance or equilibrium. If the solute particles can't cross a barrier, the only way to equalize concentration on both sides of the membrane is for the solvent particles to move in. You can consider osmosis to be a special case of diffusion in which diffusion occurs across a semipermeable membrane and only the water or other solvent moves
Similarities
Both osmosis and diffusion equalize the concentration of two solutions.
Both diffusion and osmosis are passive transport processes, which means they do not require any input of extra energy to occur. In both diffusion and osmosis, particles move from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.
Diffusion Versus Osmosis
In diffusion Any type of substance moves from an area of highest energy or concentration to a region of lowest energy or concentration. But in Osmosis Only water or another solvent moves from a region of high energy or concentration to a region of lower energy or concentration.
Diffusion can occur in any medium, whether it is liquid, solid, or gas. Osmosis occurs only in a liquid medium.
Diffusion does not require a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis requires a semipermeable membrane
Diffusion does not depend on solute potential, pressure potential, or water potential. Osmosis depends on solute potential
Diffusion mainly depends on the presence of other particles. Osmosis mainly depends on the number of solute particles dissolved in the solvent.
The movement in diffusion is to equalize concentration (energy) throughout the system. The movement in osmosis seeks to equalize solvent concentration, although it does not achieve this.
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