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A gland W is located just below the stomach in the human body. The gland W secretes a hormone X. The deficiency of hormone X in the body causes a disease Y in which the blood sugar level of a person rises too much. The person having high blood sugar is called Z.
(a) Name (i) gland W, and (ii) hormone X.
(b) What is the function of hormone X?
(c) Name (i) disease Y, and (ii) person Z.
(d) What advice would you like to give to a person who is suffering from disease Y due to faulty life-style?
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Memory-based acquired immunity evolved in higher vertebrates based
on the ability to differentiate foreign organisms (e.g., pathogens) from self-
cells. While we still do not understand the basis of this, two corollaries of
this ability have to be understood. One, higher vertebrates can distinguish
foreign molecules as well as foreign organisms. Most of the experimental
immunology deals with this aspect. Two, sometimes, due to genetic and
other unknown reasons, the body attacks self-cells. This results in damage
to the body and is called auto-immune disease. Rheumatoid arthritis
which affects many people
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