Question

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Ratio and Proportion
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Answer 1

A proportion is simply a statement that two ratios are equal. It can be written in two ways: as two equal fractions a/b = c/d; or using a colon, a:b = c:d. The following proportion is read as "twenty is to twenty-five as four is to five."

$\frac{20}{25} = \frac{4}{5}$

In problems involving proportions, we can use cross products to test whether two ratios are equal and form a proportion. To find the cross products of a proportion, we multiply the outer terms, called the extremes, and the middle terms, called the means.

Here, 20 and 5 are the extremes, and 25 and 4 are the means. Since the cross products are both equal to one hundred, we know that these ratios are equal and that this is a true proportion

$\frac{20}{25} = \frac{4}{5} \: \: \: \\ cross \: products \: = 20 \times 5 = 25 \times 4 \\ = 100 = 100$

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