Question

1. 1 Mention any two contributions of Itutmish in shaping the administrative institutions in Medieval India.

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Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

With the establishment of the Delhi sultanate a new ruling class emerged in India.

This new class introduced a new administrative system. Some new institutions were

also introduced. After the coming of the Mughals some of these underwent changes

and a few new ones got introduced. A few of the administrative institution had their

roots in Arab and Central Asia from where the new ruling group came. While some

others were of Indian origin. A significant feature of these was that many of these got

transformed and in due course of time developed as suitable to Indian context.

The new administrative system and institutions contributed in the consolidation of the

Sultanate and Mughal empire. It would not be possible for us to discuss all aspects of

administration over a period of 500 years in a small lesson. However we will try to

provide the basic features, continuity and changes in the administrative structure and

some important institutions.

The ruling class kept changing during this period. These institutions were used by various

rulers for other purposes also. The rulers from time to time included people from various

social classes in the administrative apparatus in order to have social harmony. It was

natural on the part of these social classes to stake a claim in the system of governance

and various rulers readily accommodated them in this system. In this sense these institutions also emerged as a tool to contain any kind of social conflict in the society, though

there were various other measures also that were used by the rulers for this purpose

Answer 2

Explanation:

With the establishment of the Delhi sultanate a new ruling class emerged in India.

This new class introduced a new administrative system. Some new institutions were

also introduced. After the coming of the Mughals some of these underwent changes

and a few new ones got introduced. A few of the administrative institution had their

roots in Arab and Central Asia from where the new ruling group came. While some

others were of Indian origin. A significant feature of these was that many of these got

transformed and in due course of time developed as suitable to Indian context.

The new administrative system and institutions contributed in the consolidation of the

Sultanate and Mughal empire. It would not be possible for us to discuss all aspects of

administration over a period of 500 years in a small lesson. However we will try to

provide the basic features, continuity and changes in the administrative structure and

some important institutions.

The ruling class kept changing during this period. These institutions were used by various

rulers for other purposes also. The rulers from time to time included people from various

social classes in the administrative apparatus in order to have social harmony. It was

natural on the part of these social classes to stake a claim in the system of governance

and various rulers readily accommodated them in this system. In this sense these institutions also emerged as a tool to contain any kind of social conflict in the society, though

there were various other measures also that were used by the rulers for this purpose