1.(a) Sensitivity and response in plants
Detection of change in environment and mechanism of
response in plants
Living organisms exist in changing environment. They can recognize changes in both
internal and external environments. The change in environmental conditions which produces
appreciable effect in plant is described as stimulus, e.g., light intensity, touch, contact with
chemical substances, internal enzymes, hormones etc. The reaction of the plant to stimulus
is called response. The ability of organisms to detect change and respond to it is called
sensitivity. The area of the plant body which perceives a stimulus is called perceptive
region, while the plant part showing the response is known as responsive region. The
response to stimulus in plants is expressed in various ways. A common expression of
the response, is movement, which have universal occurrence in the plant kingdom. As
most plants are anchored organisms, rapid movement are extremely rare. Generally, plant
responses are slow growth movement or turgor movements. A plant placed in a dark
chamber always moves towards the source of light. The delicate leaves of sensitive plants
droop down in response to touch.
How does a plant sense environmental changes ? : Protoplasm is sensitive to
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