Question

1)Briefly describe the process of German unification.5 points
2)What changes came in Nationalism in Europe after 1848 what was the architecture of this process ?How was it practiced ?​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Unification of Germany (1866-1871)

• In 1848, middle-class Germans tried to unite the different regions of the German confederation into a nation state under an elected parliament.
• In Prussia, nation building acts were repressed by the combined forces of the monarchy and the military and were supported by the landowners (“Junkers”). 
• Prussia took over the leadership of the movement for national unification. 
• Otto Von Bismark, chief minister of Prussia, was the architect of the leading role of Prussia in the process of nation-building. 
• Prussia emerged victorious after fighting three wars over seven years against the combined forces of Austria, Denmark and France and the process of unification of Germany was completed.
• 18th January 1871: The new German empire headed by the German Emperor Kaiser William I was declared in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles. 
• The unification of Germany established Prussian dominance in Europe.
• The New German Empire focused on modernizing the currency, banking, legal and judicial systems.

Answer 2

Answer:

In the 1800s, nationalist feelings were strong in the hearts of the middle-class Germans. They united in 1848 to create a nation-state out of the numerous German States. But the monarchy and the military got together to repress them and they gained support from the landowners of Prussia (the Junkers) too. Prussia soon became the leader of German unification movement. Its Chief Minister Otto von Bismarck was the architect of the process with support from Prussian army and Prussian bureaucracy. The unification process was completed after Prussia won wars with Austria, Denmark and France over seven years time. The new state placed a strong emphasis on modernising currency banking, legal and judicial systems in Germany. In January 1871, the Prussian king, William I, was proclaimed the German Emperor in a ceremony held at Versailles.

Europe moved away from its relationship with vote based system and upheaval, moderates advanced state power and political control. Otto von Bismarck was the draftsman of this procedure.