1 Choose the correct meaning and write one sentence on our own using the word. Corporation a. the act of associating b. a group of merchants and traders united in a trade guild c. a council body of syndics.
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For other uses, see Guild (disambiguation).
A guild /ɡɪld/ is an association of artisans and merchants who oversee the practice of their craft/trade in a particular area. The earliest types of guild formed as organizations of tradesmen, belonging to: a professional association, a trade union, a cartel, and/or a secret society. They sometimes depended on grants of letters patent from a monarch or other ruler to enforce the flow of trade to their self-employed members, and to retain ownership of tools and the supply of materials, but were mostly regulated by the city government. A lasting legacy of traditional guilds are the guildhalls constructed and used as guild meeting-places. Guild members found guilty of cheating the public would be fined or banned from the guild.
The Syndics of the Drapers' Guild by Rembrandt, 1662.
Typically the key "privilege" was that only guild members were allowed to sell their goods or practice their skill within the city. There might be controls on minimum or maximum prices, hours of trading, numbers of apprentices, and many other things. These rules reduced free competition, but sometimes maintained a good quality of work.[1] Often these rules made it difficult or impossible for women, immigrants to the city, and non-Christians to run businesses working in the trade.[citation needed]
One of the legacies of the guilds: the elevated Windsor Guildhall originated as a meeting place for guilds, as well as a magistrates' seat and town hall.
An important result of the guild framework was the emergence of universities at Bologna (established in 1088), Oxford (at least since 1096) and Paris (c. 1150); they originated as guilds of students (as at Bologna) or of masters (as at Paris).[2]
History of guilds
Modern
In fiction
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Last edited 17 days ago by Acjones49
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