1. Define a biosphere. [1]
2. What are abiotic components of an ecosystem?
3. Name two main sources of air pollution (2)
4. Differentiate between a terrestrial ecosystem and aquatic ecosystem giving an example of each [3
5. What are the different parts of a biosphere? Explain each part. [5]
6. Write in detail about the abiotic factors in an ecosystem. [5]
7. Name three factors responsible for the degradation of an ecosystem Describe one of them. [5]
8. Why do environmentalist oppose the construction of dams and irrigation system? [6]
9 Explain the phenomenon of photosynthesis? What is the role of chlorophyll in this process? [6]
10. Explain the three parts of ocean basin, (6)
Answers
Answer:
1. the regions of the surface and atmosphere of the earth or another planet occupied by living organisms
2.An abiotic factor is a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. In a terrestrial ecosystem, examples might include temperature, light, and water. In a marine ecosystem, abiotic factors would include salinity and ocean currents. Abiotic and biotic factors work together to create a unique ecosystem.
3. There are four main types of air pollution sources:
mobile sources – such as cars, buses, planes, trucks, and trains
stationary sources – such as power plants, oil refineries, industrial facilities, and factories
area sources – such as agricultural areas, cities, and wood burning fireplaces
natural sources – such as wind-blown dust, wildfires, and volcanoes
4. Terrestrial ecosystems are ecosystems found only in land; these include tropical rainforests, deserts, grasslands, deciduous forests, tundra, and taiga. Aquatic ecosystems are ecosystems found in bodies of water; these include lakes, rivers, ponds, wetlands, oceans, and seas.
5. It is the part of Earth, including the air, land, surface rocks, and water, where life is found. Parts of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere make up the biosphere.
6. Abiotic variables found in terrestrial ecosystems can include things like rain, wind, temperature, altitude, soil, pollution, nutrients, pH, types of soil, and sunlight. The boundaries of an individual abiotic factor can be just as unclear as the boundaries of an ecosystem.
7. Environmental degradation is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems; habitat destruction; the extinction of wildlife; and pollution. ... When natural habitats are destroyed or natural resources are depleted, the environment is degraded.
8. Large dams have provoked opposition for numerous social, environmental, economic and safety reasons. The main reason for opposition worldwide are the huge numbers of people evicted from their lands and homes to make way for reservoirs.
9. Green substance in producers that traps light energy from the sun, which is then used to combine carbon dioxide and water into sugars in the process of photosynthesis Chlorophyll is vital for photosynthesis, which helps plants get energy from light. ..
10. Even though there is one world ocean, it has traditionally been divided into four major ocean basins: the Arctic, the Atlantic, the Indian, and the Pacific.