Question

(1) Define mass per cent and volume per cent of a solution.
(ii) Calculate the mass of sulphuric acid present in 100 mL
of 15% mass by mass solution of sulphuric acid.
(density 1.10 g/mL)
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Answer 1

Explanation:

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CHEMISTRY> GENERAL CHEMISTRY

Determining the Mass Percent Composition in an Aqueous Solution

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OVERVIEW

Source: Laboratory of Dr. Neal Abrams — SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry

Determining the composition of a solution is an important analytical and forensic technique. When solutions are made with water, they are referred to as being aqueous, or containing water. The primary component of a solution is referred to as the solvent, and the dissolved minor component is called the solute. The solute is dissolved in the solvent to make a solution. Water is the most common solvent in everyday life, as well as nearly all biological systems. In chemistry labs, the solvent may be another liquid, like acetone, ether, or an alcohol. The solute can be a liquid or a solid, but this experiment only addressesthe determination of solids.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Mass Percent: The mass percent is used to express the concentration of a solution when the mass of a solute and the mass of a solution is given:

Mass Percent=Mass of SoluteMass of Solution×100%(1)(1)Mass Percent=Mass of SoluteMass of Solution×100%

Volume Percent: The volume percent is used to express the concentration of a solution when the volume of a solute and the volume of a solution is given:

Volume Percent=Volume of SoluteVolume of Solution×100%(2)(2)Volume Percent=Volume of SoluteVolume of Solution×100%

Mass/Volume Percent: Another version of a percentage concentration is mass/volume percent, which measures the mass or weight of solute in grams (e.g., in grams) vs. the volume of solution (e.g., in mL). An example would be a 0.9%( w/v) NaClNaCl solution in medical saline solutions that contains 0.9 g of NaClNaCl for every 100 mL of solution (see figure below). The mass/volume percent is used to express the concentration of a solution when the mass of the solute and volume of the solution is given. Since the numerator and denominator have different units, this concentration unit is not a true relative unit (e.g. percentage), however it is often used as an easy concentration unit since volumes of solvent and solutions are easier to measure than weights. Moreover, since the density of dilute aqueous solutions are close to 1 g/mL, if the volume of a solution in measured in mL (as per definition), then this well approximates the mass of the solution in grams (making a true reletive unit (m/m)).

Mass/Volume Percent=Mass of Solute (g)Volume of Solution (mL)×100%