1-Define shoot system. Give two functions of the stem.
2-How is a tap root different from a fibrous root? Give one example of each type.
3-What is a leaf?
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Answers
Explanation:
1. The shoot is the production center for a plant. ... The primary functions of the stem are to support the leaves; to conduct water and minerals to the leaves, where they can be converted into usable products by photosynthesis; and to transport these products from the leaves to other parts of the plant, including the roots.
2. The taproot is the differentiated primary root that is thick and grows straight down deep into the soil. A few lateral roots grow off of this main root. ... Dicotyledonous plants and gymnosperms have taproots while monocotyledonous plants, including most grasses, have fibrous roots.
3. Leaf, in botany, any usually flattened green outgrowth from the stem of a vascular plant. ... As the primary sites of photosynthesis, leaves manufacture food for plants, which in turn ultimately nourish and sustain all land animals. Botanically, leaves are an integral part of the stem system.
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Answer:
1. A shoot itself refers to the main stem of the plant, but a shoot system can define as the complex network of various structures like branches, leaves, buds, flowers and fruits attached to the main stem. A shoot or a shoot system always grow upwards to the ground and performs multiple functions like photosynthesis, storage, reproduction, transport, hormone production etc.
Functions:
(i)Protection: In some plants, a stem comprises of hairy or spiny structures on its surface that harbours a plant from the predators. Some plants like bracken produce toxic materials that also keeps away the grazing animals.
(ii)Support: A Ground tissue like sclerenchyma and collenchyma also provide strength and rigidity to the stem, so that it can stand straight and embrace various components of the shoot system like leaves, lateral branches, buds, flowers etc.
2. Difference between taproot and fibrous root :
(i)proot consists of one large long root, while this is not the case for the fibrous root.
(ii)Taproot penetrates deep into the soil, while a fibrous root is shallow and does not penetrate as deeply.
(iii)A taproot is the differentiated primary root of the plant, while the fibrous root is not the differentiated primary root of the plant.
(iv)In the fibrous root system the primary root is eliminated, this is not the case in the taproot system.
(v) The fibrous root develops from the stem; this is not the case for the taproot.
please write rest questions again i.e. 3 and 4..because here it doesn't allow to write more than this..
Explanation: