Question

1) Describe the circumstances leading to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France .


2) Compare the results of the English and American Revolutions. Which one managed to build entirely new principles of government ?

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Answer 1

1st Answer:-

The French Revolution is an important political revolution in the world . It has laid foundation for democracy and human rights .

The following are the circumstances that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution .

① $\huge\bold\red{Social \: Causes}$ :-

1. The French society was divided into three estates.
2. The members of the first two estates, that is the clergy and the aristocracy, enjoyed certain privileges and were exempted from paying taxes.
3. The burden of taxes was borne by the third estate alone.
4. This problem was compounded by failure of crops.

② $\huge\bold\green{Political \: Causes}$ :-

1. In 1778, Louis XVI ascended the throne of France.
2. He was quite inefficient and was influenced by his wife.
3. The influence of nobles and priests also had bad effect on the administration.

③ $\tt\red{Growth~of~Middle~class}$ :-

1. The 18th century witnessed the emergence of new social groups, collectively termed the middle class.
2. This group of the third estate became powerful due to their access to education and new ideas.
3. They believed that no group in the society should be privileged by birth.

④ $\huge\bold\green{Intellectual~Causes}$ :-

1. The 3rd estate was influenced by the philosophical thoughts of Locke, Rousseau etc.

⑤ $\tt\red{Summoning~of~Estate~General}$ :-

1. Long years of war had drained the financial resources of France.
2. To ↑ the taxes to meet the expenses, in 1789 summoned the Estates General.
3. Summoning of Estate General was the immediate causes of the France Revolution.

2nd Answer :-

1. Glorious revolution of England made an agreement of power sharing with the king.
2. They set up democratic government.
3. They sought more rights from king.
4. They prepared own Constitution.
5. They established democracy by abolishing the English supremacy.
6. American revolution managed to build entirely new principles of government .

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

The circumstances which led to the outbreak of revolutionary protest in France were a combination of social, economic, political and Intellectual circumstances. ... They did not have any political rights or social status, but paid all the taxes. So, they were very discontented.