1. Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic.
2. Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930.
3. What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?
4. Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.
5. Explain what role women had in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the
French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of
women in the two periods.
6. In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people ?
Answers
Answer:
1.The Weimar Republic faced violent uprisings from various groups, not to mention devastating economic problems. Germany between 1918 and 1919 was in chaos. People were starving, the Kaiser had fled and people hated the government for signing the armistice in November 1918 - they called them the November criminals.
2.Nazism became popular after 1930 in Germnany. The reasons for its popularity is listed below
(I) The harsh Versailles Treaty was a serious blow to the national prestige of the Germans and to the economy
(II) The economic situation was worsened by the Great Depression of 1929, which had severely affected the already fragile German economy. The inability of the Weimar Republic to remedy the situation only further inflamed public sentiments.
3.The peculiar features of Nazi thinking were
→ A belief in racial heirarchy and Lebensraum or living space.
→ Nordic Germ
an Aryans were at the top, while the jews formed the lowest rung of the racial ladder.
→ They believed that only the strongest race would survive and rule.
→ New territories must be gained for enhancing the natural resources and of power
4.Nazi propaganda was effective in creating hatred for the jews because of two main reasons. Firstly, the Jews were stereotyped as killers of Christ. They had been barred since medieval times from ownership of land. Secondly, they were hated as usurers or money-lenders. Violence against jews, even inside their residential ghettos, was common. Hitler’s pseudo-scientific race theories made this hatred complete. His “solution” was the total elimination of all jews.
5.Role of women in Nazi society followed the rules of a largely patriarchal or male-dominated society. Hitler hailed women as “the most important citizen” in his Germany, but this was true for only Aryan women who bred pure-blood, "desirable" Aryans. Motherhood was the only goal they were taught to reach for, apart from performing the stereotypical functions of managing the household and being good wives. This was in stark contrast to the role of women in the French Revolution where women led movements and fought for rights to education and equal wages. They were allowed to form political clubs, and schooling was made compulsory for them after the French Revolution.
6.The Nazi state sought to establish total control over its people by dubious methods of propaganda. Mass killings were termed special treatment, final solution; evacuation to disinfection areas was in reality deportation of jews to the gas chambers. The regime used language and media with careful double-meaning expertise, employing the latter for national support and international popularity. Nazi ideology was spread using images, films, radio, posters, and slogans and pamphlets. Enemies of the state were typically presented as weak and degenerate (socialists and liberals), rodents and pests (the Jews). Also, by presenting themselves as liberators and problem-solvers, the Nazis sought to win public support.
Answer:
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