1 Describe the topography of himalayas.
2. Name the major physiographic divisions of India.
3. Which range of Himalayas is known for famous valleys of Kashmir, Kangra, kullu
and hill stations?
4. What is the name given to a longitudinal valley that lies between lesser
Himalayas and Shiwalik?
Answers
Answer:
Himalaya is an ancient mountain range located in India. The Himalaya is called Parvataraja which means the king of the mountains. Kalidas considers the Himalayas as the norm of the earth. The mountain ranges of Himalayas are called Shivalik. For centuries, the Himalayas have been inhabited by sages and sages in the caves (caves) and they meditate here in meditation. Himalaya is the pole center of spiritual consciousness. It is the Vibrant Power House of Spiritual Energy. Uttarakhand is credited with saying the heart of this "Himalayanam Nagadhirajah Parvat". God is present there with all his majesty - beauty. 'The Himalayas are the originator of many gems (Antararatna Prabhasya Yasya), life medicines are produced in its mountain ranges (Bhavanti yatraushadhyo rajnya oil purat surat pradeep:), He is also heaven in the earth. The Himalayas are a mountain system that separates the Indian subcontinent from Central Asia and Tibet. This mountain system is mainly made up of three parallel ranges - the Great Himalayas, the Middle Himalayas and the Shivalik, which extends from west to east in the shape of an arc about 2400 km long. [2] The rise is towards the south ie the plains of northern India and the center is towards the plateau of Tibet. Apart from these three main categories, the fourth and most northern category is called Para Himalaya or Trans Himalaya which includes Karakoram and Kailash ranges. The Himalayan mountains are spread across 7 countries. These countries are Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar.
Most of the high mountain peaks of the world are located in the Himalayas. Himalayan peaks are among the 100 highest peaks in the world. Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world, is a peak in the Himalayas. There are more than 100 mountain peaks in the Himalayas that are over 7200 meters high. Some of the major peaks of the Himalayas are the most important Sagarmatha Himal, Annapurna, Shivshankar, Ganayya, Langatang, Manaslu, Ralvaling, Jugal, Gaurishankar, Kumbhu, Dhaulagiri and Kanchenjunga.
There are more than 15 thousand glaciers in the Himalayan range, which are spread over 12 thousand square kilometer. The 72 km long Siachen glacier is the second longest glacier in the world. Some of the major rivers of the Himalayas include the Indus, the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Yangtze.
According to the principles of land formation it is made by colliding Asian plate with Indo-Australian plates. The first rise in the construction of the Himalayas took place 650 million years ago and the rise of the Central Himalayas 450 million years ago [3]
The Himalayas also have some important religious sites. These include Haridwar, Badrinath, Kedarnath, Gomukh, Dev Prayag, Rishikesh, Kailash, Mansarovar and Amarnath, Shakambhari. It is also mentioned in the Indian scripture Gita (Gita: 10.25).
Construction of the Himalayas - Where the Himalayas are today, there used to be a sea named Tethys. It was a long and shallow ocean. It was surrounded by two huge terraces. In its north there were two landmasses named Angaraland and Gondwanaland in the south. For millions of years, both these landslides eroded and the eroded materials (soil, concrete, gravel, silt etc.) started to accumulate in the Tethys Sea. These two huge plots also moved towards each other. Due to the pressure falling in two opposing directions, layers of frozen soil etc. began to bend in the ocean. These rings rose above the surface of the water as a series of islands. This process continued continuously and in the course of time huge mountain ranges were constructed which we call today as Himalayas.
Answer:
1.The Himalayas mountain region extends all along the northern border of the country. From the eastern border of West Pakistan to the frontiers of Burma, the Himalayas run for a distance of about 2,400 km in the east-west direction in the shape of an arc. The width of the mountains varies from 400 km in the west to 150 km in the east. Himalayas cover an area of about 500,000km2.
2.The Himalayan Mountains.
The Northern Plains.
The Peninsular Plateau.
The Indian Desert.
The Coastal Plains.
The Islands.
3. Pir Panjal mountain range
4.The longitudinal vally is longitudinal valleys between the lesser himalayas and shiwaliks are known as 'duns' in the west and 'duars' in the east. Dehra Dun, Kothari Dun and Patli Dun are the important examples
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