1. Differentiate plainchant from chanson in terms of characteristics and the elements of
music present.
Differentiate the sacred music from secular music during the Renaissance period.
Answers
For most of the Medieval Era (ca. 500-1450), music was primarily reserved for the Church and for some lucky members of the elite class. Advancements and societal changes in the Renaissance Era (ca. 1450-1600) allowed music to flourish in both of these venues while also branching out into more secular roles within the educated society. Despite all the hullabaloo with the Reformation and the Counter Reformation, there was continuous musical growth happening in both the Catholic and the Protestant Churches.
One of the significant genres of sacred Renaissance music was the motet. A motet can be defined as an unaccompanied choral composition based on a sacred Latin text. In general, motets used religious texts not used in the Mass, since because by this time, the Mass already had standardized music. Motets were often polyphonic, meaning there were various vocal parts sung at the same time. Though motets started being written in the late Medieval Era (ca. 1200), they developed greatly in and are most associated with the Renaissance Era.
While the Mass had already been set to music in the Medieval Era, composers continued writing new iterations, many of which included elaborate polyphonic sections. To the Catholic Church, this was a problem because it seemed that more focus was being given to musical consideration than to the actual words of the Mass. Thankfully, Italy had a composer of their own, named Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina.
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