Question

1. Distinguish between particle and wave

2. Name the isotope of hydrogen used in nuclear reactions.

3. Why does Nitrogen have more ionization enthalpy than that of oxygen.

Answer 1

1- .A particle occupies a well-defined position in space i.e a particle is localized in space e.g. a grain of sand, a cricket ball etc. where as
a wave is spread out in space e.g. on throwing a stone in a pond of water, the waves start moving out in the form of concentric circles. Similarly, the sound of the speaker reaches everybody in the audience. Thus a wave is delocalized in space.

2- the third isotope, tritium, is an unstable species produced in nuclear reactions.

3-Ionisation energyis the minimum energy needed to remove amoleof electrons from a mole of gaseous atoms.O has a lower 1st IE than N because O is 1s2 2s2 2p4 and N is 1s2 2s2 2p3. The 4th electron in the O atom's outer level has to pair up with one of the others, and this introduces repulsions, which makes it easier to remove.The relevant factors are nuclear charge, atomic radius and screening byinner electrons.




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Answer 2

Answer:

Hydrogen has the simplest electronic configuration of one. In group one it loses one electron and in group seventeen it gains one electron. The number of atoms of similar elements that combine to form a molecule. Hydrogen is diatomic in Nature.