1. Draw and explain the requirement analysis phase of the system development life cycle.
Answers
SDLC is used by analysts to develop an information system. SDLC includes the following activities −
requirements
design
implementation
testing
deployment
operations
maintenance
Phases of SDLC
Systems Development Life Cycle is a systematic approach which explicitly breaks down the work into phases that are required to implement either new or modified Information System.
SDLC Phases
Feasibility Study or Planning
Define the problem and scope of existing system.
Overview the new system and determine its objectives.
Confirm project feasibility and produce the project Schedule.
During this phase, threats, constraints, integration and security of system are also considered.
A feasibility report for the entire project is created at the end of this phase.
Analysis and Specification
Gather, analyze, and validate the information.
Define the requirements and prototypes for new system.
Evaluate the alternatives and prioritize the requirements.
Examine the information needs of end-user and enhances the system goal.
A Software Requirement Specification (SRS) document, which specifies the software, hardware, functional, and network requirements of the system is prepared at the end of this phase.
System Design
Includes the design of application, network, databases, user interfaces, and system interfaces.
Transform the SRS document into logical structure, which contains detailed and complete set of specifications that can be implemented in a programming language.
Create a contingency, training, maintenance, and operation plan.
Review the proposed design. Ensure that the final design must meet the requirements stated in SRS document.
Finally, prepare a design document which will be used during next phases.
Implementation
Implement the design into source code through coding.
Combine all the modules together into training environment that detects errors and defects.
A test report which contains errors is prepared through test plan that includes test related tasks such as test case generation, testing criteria, and resource allocation for testing.
Integrate the information system into its environment and install the new system.
Maintenance/Support
Include all the activities such as phone support or physical on-site support for users that is required once the system is installing.
Implement the changes that software might undergo over a period of time, or implement any new requirements after the software is deployed at the customer location.
It also includes handling the residual errors and resolve any issues that may exist in the system even after the testing phase.
Maintenance and support may be needed for a longer time for large systems and for a short time for smaller systems.
Life Cycle of System Analysis and Design
The following diagram shows the complete life cycle of the system during analysis and design phase.
Life Cycle
Role of System Analyst
The system analyst is a person who is thoroughly aware of the system and guides the system development project by giving proper directions. He is an expert having technical and interpersonal skills to carry out development tasks required at each phase.
He pursues to match the objectives of information system with the organization goal.
Main Roles
Defining and understanding the requirement of user through various Fact finding techniques.
Prioritizing the requirements
Explanation:
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