1. Enlist the morphological adaptations in xerophytic plants
Answers
Explanation:
- Morphological adaptations
- Reduction of surface area.
- Forming water vapour-rich environment.
- Reflective features.
- Cuticles.
- Water storage.
- Production of protective molecules.
- Evaporative cooling.
- Stomata closure.
Living in a desert, plants need certain morphological adaptations for the tough environment there. Xerophytic plants need to adjust to harsh conditions having extreme temperatures and little rainfall.
1) Root: Plants that grow in the desert climate have adapted the structure of their roots to
be able to prevail with very limited rainfall. Some plants have adapted to take advantage of any rainfall that occurs while others have adapted to look for water very deep in the ground. Some plants have shallow roots that spread out over a wide area called shallow tap root. Some develop extremely extended tap roots that go very deep down into the ground, they are called deep tap roots.
2) Leaf: Almost all desert plants develop a waxy coating over their leaves or have pointed spines.
These characteristics prevent the evaporation of water out of the leaves. This is an adaptation to help avoid dehydration in such a rough condition.
3) Flower: Some desert plants flower only at night, which is a form of adaptation to the drastic heat of the desert suns. Blooming during the daytime in the desert climate could result in plants dehydrating very rapidly. The adaptation to nighttime blooming benefits desert plants by preventing the loss of water. As we know, many desert insects are nocturnal, blooming at night helps ensure that desert plants get properly pollinated.
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