Question

1.
Examine the essential features of Maratha administration under
Shivaji.
Shivaji's political system consiste​

Answer 1

Answer:

Shivaji’s political system consisted of three circles. At the centre was the swaraj. Shivaji was caring and would not allow the people to be harassed in any way.

He protected the people from loot and plunder for which they were required to pay Chauth (onefourth of the revenue as protection money) and Sardeshmukhi (an extra one-tenth, as the chieftain’s due). In the third circle, Shivaji’s only objective was plunder.

Army

Shivaji gave utmost attention to his army and training of its personnel. In the beginning, the backbone of his army was the infantry. Shivaji took great care in the maintenance and security of his forts.

Ashtapradhan

Shivaji designated eight ministers as the Ashtapradhan, each holding an important portfolio. Peshwa was the equivalent of a modem prime minister in the Maratha Empire. Shivaji was influenced by the Mughal revenue system. The assessments were made on the actual yield, with three-fifths left to the cultivator and two-fifths taken by the governmentRead more on Sarthaks.com - https://www.sarthaks.com/998938/examine-the-essential-features-of-maratha-administration-under-shivaji

Answer 2

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Central Administration: He had a council of ministers (Asht Pradhari) to advise him on the matters of the state but he was not bound by it. ... Shivaji's Asht Pradhan (Council of Eight Ministers): Excepting the Senapati, all other ministers were Brahmans.