Question

1. Explain any one method of crop production which ensures
high yield.
2. Why are manure and fertilizers used in fields?
3. What are the advantages of inter-cropping and crop rotation?
4. What is genetic manipulation? How is it useful in agricultural
practices?
3.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1.One of the method of crop production that ensures high yield is intercropping. This method is beneficial because more than two types of crops having different nutrient requirement can be grown in a definite pattern of land. Intercropping helps in preventing pests and avoid the spread of diseases throughout the field.

2.Manure is organic matter derived from animal faeces and plant waste. When the plants are cultivated continuously on a field, the soil gradually loses its nutrient and eventually gets depleted. Thus, manures and fertilizers are used to provide nutrient to the soil due to which the crop yield is enhanced.

3.Advantages of using intercropping are as following :

(i) It helps to maintain soil fertility.

(ii) It increases productivity per unit area.

(iii) It saves labour and time.

(iv) Both crops can be easily harvested and processed separately.

Advantages of using crop rotation are as following :

(i) It improves the soil fertility.

(ii) It avoids depletion of a particular nutrient from the soil.

(iii) It minimizes pest infestation and diseases.

(iv) It helps in weed control.

(v) It prevents change in the chemical nature of the soil.

4.Genetic manipulation is a process of transferring (genes) characters that are desirable from one plant to another plant. This is done for production of varieties with desirable characteristics like profuse branching in fodder crops, high yielding varieties in maize, wheat, etc.

Answer 2

Answer:

1. One method of crop production which ensures high yield is crop rotation. This method involves growing two or more varieties of crops in the same fertile land in a sequential and seasonal order in a definite pattern. Different crops have different needs of nutrients and thus the soil gets enriched in this process. This ensures high yields.

2. Manure is organic matter derived from animal faeces and plant waste. When the plants are cultivated continuously on a field, the soil gradually loses its nutrient and eventually gets depleted. Thus, manures and fertilizers are used to provide nutrient to the soil due to which the crop yield is enhanced.

3. Advantages of using intercropping are as following :

i. It helps to maintain soil fertility .

ii. It increases productivity per unit area .

iii. It saves labour and time .

iv. Both crops can be easily harvested and processed separately .

Advantages of using crop rotation are as following :

i. It improves the soil fertility.

ii. It avoids depletion of a particular nuteient from the soil .

iii. It minimizes best infestation and diseases .

iv. It helps in weed control .

v. It prevents change in the chemical nature of the soil .

4. Genetic manipulation is a process of transferring ( genes ) characters that are desirable from one plant to another plant . This is done for production of varities with desirable characteristics like profuse branching in fodder crops , high yielding varities in maize , wheat , etc . Genetic manipulation is useful in developing varities which have increased yield , better quality , shorter and early maturity period , better adaptability to adverse environmental conditions , desirable characteristics.

Agricultural practices of cultivation and yielding of crops are directly related to agronomic conditions . These conditions are based on weather , soil quality and water resources availability. Since weather conditions are unpredictable such as drought and flooding situations , therefore , crops varities have been developed that can be grown in diverse climatic conditions .

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