Question

1. Explain displacement reaction with an equation.
2. Explain how metals and non metals react with acids, bases and water with equation(s).

The answer must include equations.
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Answer 1

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⏩ A chemical reaction in which more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from its compounds is called Displacement reaction.

There are two types of displacement reaction :-

• Single Displacement reaction.

• Double Displacement reaction.

ℹ️. Single Displacement reaction : A displacement reaction in which one element displaces another element from its compound or salt.

for example :

K + NaCl → KCl + Na

⏸️. Double Displacement reaction : A displacement reaction in which cations and anions of the reactants switch places with each other.

for example :

HCl + NaOH → NaCl + H₂O

⚠️ Remember :-

• The displacement of element depends upon the reactivity of the element.

• Element placed higher in the reactivity series have higher reactivity as compared to the lower ones.

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1️⃣ Reaction with water :-

• Metal reacts with water to form metal hydroxides with the the evolution of hydrogen gas.

For example :

2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂ (↑)

• Non-metal do not reacts with water.

2️⃣ Reaction with acids :-

• Most of the metal react with dilute acid to form salt and hydrogen gas.

for example :

Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂ (↑)

• Non metal do not react with dilute acid to form salt and hydrogen gas.

3️⃣ Reaction with bases :-

• Some metals react with bases to produce hydrogen gas and salt

for example :

Al + NaOH → NaAlO₂ + H₂ (↑)

• Some non metal react with bases but no hydrogen gas is produced.

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Answer 2

❶ Explain displacement Reaction with an Equation .

Ans:- A reaction in which a more reactive elements displaces a less reactive elements from its compound are called displacement reaction . These reactions are generally found to occur in the solution .

Before going to write equation/examples of displacement reaction , let's know about Reactivity Series .

Reactivity Series :- The arrangement of metals in a vertical column in order of their decreasing reactivity from top to bottom is called Reactivity Series .

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀❒Reactivity Series ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

Elements ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Symbols

Potassium ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ K

Sodium ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Na

Barium⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Ba

Calcium⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Ca

Magnesium⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Mg

Aluminium⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Al

Zinc⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Zn

Iron⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ Fe

Nickel⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Ni

Tin ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Sn

Lead ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Pb

Hydrogen⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ H

Copper⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀ ⠀Cu

Mercury ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Hg

Silver ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Ag

Gold ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Au

Plantinum ⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Pt

[ Note:- Reactivity Decreases Downward]

Example:-

Ferrous + Copper Sulphate → Ferrous Sulphate + Copper

◍ Fe(s) + CuSO₄ (aq) → FeSO₄(aq) + Cu (s)

Here, Iron is more reactive than Copper . So , it displace the copper from its solution (Copper Sulphate) and formed Ferrous Sulphate .

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❷ Explain how metals and non metals react with acids, bases and water with equation(s).

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Reaction of Metals

◍ When metal Reacts with acids , it's formed metallic salt and hydrogen gas .

Example :-

• Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
• Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

◍ When Metal Reacts with bases it's formed salt and hydrogen gas .

Example :-

• Zn + 2NaOH → Na₂ZnO₂ + H₂

◍ When metals react with water, it's formed metal hydroxide and Hydrogen gas .

Example :-

• Na + H₂O → Na₂OH + H₂

⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀Reactions of Non-Metals

◍ When Non-metal reacts with acids ,there will no reaction will take place .

◍ When Non-Metal reacts with bases it's formed salt and water .

[ Note:- All Non-Metals don't react with bases]

Example :-

• Cl₂ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaOCl₂ + H₂O

◍ Non-Metals do not react with water .