1. Explain Lenin's April Thesis.
2. Why were socialists against private property and saw it as the root of all social ills?
Answers
1.
The April Theses
In 1917, things were changing for Russia. The Tsar was overthrown, new governments were set up and Russia was firmly set on the path towards. . . something. The truth was, a lot of people didn't know what the future held for Russia, and those with strong opinions about this disagreed with each other.
Of the many voices to propose a path for Russia, the strongest ended up being that of Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924). Lenin helped define the objectives of 1917 and the future of the nation, and his first step to doing so was publishing his ideas in a brief collection of notes. The April Theses was a document of ten points presented to the April Conference of Bolsheviks by Lenin in 1917. Let's get into the background a bit first, though.
Background
A lot had happened in Russia since the early 20th century. The Tsar's regime was becoming increasingly oppressive, the Russian people were stricken by poverty and there were revolutionary voices emerging in the nation that belonged to the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). Several of the party's leaders fled the nation from 1905-1907 as the Tsar cracked down on dissidents. Lenin was among those forced into exile. He represented a distinct faction of the RSDLP known as the Bolsheviks, who had some very distinct ideas about the future of Russia.
Then World War I broke out. Russia was drawn into the war, which exacerbated the problems in Russia. The Russian people went from having little to having nothing, the economy was ruined and the once-great Russian Empire had lost the world's respect. In February of 1917, women textile workers went on strike in Petrograd (St. Petersburg). From this humble beginning, the February Revolution was born, which toppled the monarchy and overthrew the Tsar. A provisional government was set up, filled with many elite and even noble members of Russian society.
2.(i) Socialists were against private property. They saw it as the root of all social ills of the time.
(ii) They argued that individuals owned the property that gave employment but the propertied were concerned only with personal gain and not with the welfare of those who made the property productive.
(iii) So, if society as a whole rather than single individuals controlled property, more attention would be paid to collective social interests.
(iv) Socialists wanted this change and campaigned for it.
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