Question

1) Explain the following factors:-

● electron gain enthalpy

● Iso electronic species

2) Why Lithium has the strongest reducing power ?

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Answer 1

Answer:

a) Electron gain enthalpy is defined as the amount of energy released when an electron is added to an isolated gaseous atom. During the addition of an electron, energy can either be released or absorbed. ... Hence, electron gain enthalpy for metals will be positive.

b) Isoelectronic species are known as atoms or ions that have the same number of electrons. In isoelectronic species, there the number of electrons would be equal but the elements would be different. In other words, ions and atoms which are having equal numbers of electrons are called the isoelectronic species.

2) Lithium ion is small in size on account of which more solvent molecules can easily surround around the cationic sphere. so, large amount of hydration energy is released and on account of Large amount of hydration energy makes it strongest reducing agent inspite of its highest ionisation enthalpy.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Hey there , Your all answers are listed below .

-: Iso Electronic Species :-

Atoms and ions having the same number of electrons ( Z ) are known as Iso Electronic Species.

Eg :- Ar , F ( negatively charged ) .

-: Electron Gain Enthalpy :-

Electron gain enthalpy is the measure of the tendency of an isolated gaseous atom to accept an electron.

-: Why lithium has the strongest reducing power :-

As we knows that , alkali metals are strong reducing agents as they have strong tendency of losing electrons .

The E^0 value (reduction potential) depends on the three factors that is sublimation enthalpy , ionization enthalpy and hydration Enthalpy .

Due to the small size of Lithium ion it has the highest hydration enthalpy which is responsible for it's high E^0 value and thus Lithium have the strongest reducing power among all the elements still now !