Question

1. Explain the role of microbes in medicine?

2. Why are children given vaccination?

3. Do microbes have any role in soil fertility and cleaning of environment? explain.

4. Explain nitrogen fixation ​

Answer 1

Explanation:

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1) There are 100 thousand billion microbes on and in our bodies. That's ten times more than our own body cells. Microbes are involved in processes like our metabolism, and help keep us healthy by fighting off harmful intruders, for example.

2) When a disease-carrying microbe enters our body, the body produces antibodies to fight the invader. The body also remembers how to fight the microbe if it enters again. So, if dead or weakened microbes are introduced into a healthy body, the body fights and kills them by producing suitable antibodies. The antibodies remain in the body and we are protected from the disease-causing microbes. This is how a vaccine works. Several diseases, including cholera, tuberculosis, smallpox and hepatitis can be prevented by vaccination. In your childhood, you must have been given injections to protect yourself against several diseases. It is essential to protect all children against these diseases. Necessary vaccines are available in the nearby hospitals. You might have seen the advertisement on T.V. and newspapers regarding protection of children against polio under Pulse Polio Program. Polio drops given to children are actually a vaccine. A worldwide campaign against smallpox has finally led to its eradication from most parts of the world. These days vaccines are made on a large scale from microorganisms to protect humans and other animals from several diseases.

3) There are many bacteria in soil which help in making soil fertility. They decompose the organic waste into simpler form which contain rich amount of nutrition and mostly free nitrogen. Nitrogen fixing bacteria use this nitrogen as a important mineral for plants by converting free nitrogen in compound form.

4) nitrogen cycleNitrogen fixation is the process by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted by either a natural or an industrial means to a form of nitrogen such as ammonia. In nature, most nitrogen is harvested from the atmosphere by microorganisms to form ammonia, nitrites, and nitrates that can be used by plants.

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