Question

1. Explain with an example Swartz reaction
2. Write the equation for Sandmeyer's reaction

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Swartz reaction is a reaction in which alkyl fluorides are formed when alkyl bromide or chloride reacts with metal fluorides. In the reaction, higher alkyl halide(R-cl) react with lower metal halide (AgF) to form lower alkyl halide(R-F). ... Reaction will not occur or it may form some other compound. example - When alkyl chloride or alkyl bromide reacts with transition metal fluorides [such as AsF3, SbF3, AgF, Hg2F2, CoF2 etc], alkyl fluoride is obtained , then the reaction is called Swarts reaction . Like Finkelstein reaction , Swarts reaction is also called halogen or halide ion exchange reaction .

2.The reaction was discovered in 1884 by Swiss chemist Traugott Sandmeyer, when he attempted to synthesize phenylacetylene from benzenediazonium chloride and cuprous acetylide. Instead, the main product he isolated was phenyl chloride.[4] In modern times, the Sandmeyer reaction refers to any method for substitution of an aromatic amino group via preparation of its diazonium salt followed by its displacement with a nucleophile in the presence of catalytic copper(I) salts. (Due to the low cost of copper salts, a stoichiometric amount is often employed for better reactivity even when catalysis is possible.) The most commonly employed Sandmeyer reactions are the chlorination, bromination, cyanation, and hydroxylation reactions using CuCl, CuBr, CuCN, and Cu2O, respectively.

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