1. For each of the following compounds indicate which intermolecular force (IMFs) is most important (1 Mark): 1) KCl 2) HCl 3) CH4 4) C2H6 5) NO 6) HF 7) Br2 8) IBr
Answers
Answer:
1) KCl: ionic IMFs
2) HCl : Dipole dipole interaction
3) CH₄: London Dispersion forces
4) C₂H₆:London Dispersion forces
5) NO: Dipole dipole interaction
6) HF: Dipole dipole interaction
7) Br₂: London Dispersion forces
8) IBr: Dipole dipole interaction
Explanation:
The following intermolecular forces are present in any molecule.
i) Ionic forces: these are forces present in the ionic compounds like NaCl.
ii) Ion-dipole: present between an ion and a molecule with a dipole. Like sodium ion and water molecule
iii) ion induced dipole forces: A dipole is induced due to presence of an ion and thus a force of attraction.
iv) London dispersion forces: These forces are present in molecules with no charge or dipole like noble gases.
v) Hydrogen bond: a special kind force present betwee a hydrogen atom. directly attached to a highly electronegative element (F,O or N) and other highly electronegative element (F,O or N).
1) KCl: ionic IMFs
2) HCl : Dipole dipole interaction
3) CH₄: London Dispersion forces
4) C₂H₆:London Dispersion forces
5) NO: Dipole dipole interaction
6) HF: Dipole dipole interaction
7) Br₂: London Dispersion forces
8) IBr: Dipole dipole interaction