Question

1. Give the definition of a point particle.
2. How is the position of a point particle determined?
3. Give the definition of the of reference frame.
4. What is the coordinate system axis?
5. What is a Cartesian coordinate system?

Answer 1

Answer:

ɪ) ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ʟᴀᴄᴋs sᴘᴀᴛɪᴀʟ ᴇxᴛᴇɴsɪᴏɴ; ʙᴇɪɴɢ ᴅɪᴍᴇɴsɪᴏɴʟᴇss, ɪᴛ ᴅᴏᴇs ɴᴏᴛ ᴛᴀᴋᴇ ᴜᴘ sᴘᴀᴄᴇ.

ɪɪ) ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ᴍᴏᴠɪɴɢ ɪɴ ᴀ sᴛʀᴀɪɢʜᴛ ʟɪɴᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴠᴇᴄᴛᴏʀ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ʀᴇᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛs ᴀ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ ᴘ ᴏɴ ᴛʜᴇ ʟɪɴᴇ ɪɴ ʀᴇʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ ᴏ. ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴀ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ɪs ᴏғᴛᴇɴ ᴛʜᴏᴜɢʜᴛ ᴏғ ᴀs ᴀ ғᴜɴᴄᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴛɪᴍᴇ, ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴇ ᴡʀɪᴛᴇ x(ᴛ) ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏsɪᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴀʀᴛɪᴄʟᴇ ᴀᴛ ᴛɪᴍᴇ ᴛ.

ɪɪɪ) ᴀ ғʀᴀᴍᴇ ᴏғ ʀᴇғᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴄᴏɴsɪsᴛs ᴏғ ᴀɴ ᴀʙsᴛʀᴀᴄᴛ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴛ ᴏғ ᴘʜʏsɪᴄᴀʟ ʀᴇғᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛs ᴛʜᴀᴛ ᴜɴɪǫᴜᴇʟʏ ғɪx ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴀɴᴅ sᴛᴀɴᴅᴀʀᴅɪᴢᴇ ᴍᴇᴀsᴜʀᴇᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴡɪᴛʜɪɴ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ғʀᴀᴍᴇ.

ɪᴠ) ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ ᴘʟᴀɴᴇ ʜᴀs ᴛᴡᴏ ᴀxᴇs: ᴛʜᴇ ʜᴏʀɪᴢᴏɴᴛᴀʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴠᴇʀᴛɪᴄᴀʟ ᴀxᴇs. ᴛʜᴇsᴇ ᴛᴡᴏ ᴀxᴇs ɪɴᴛᴇʀsᴇᴄᴛ ᴏɴᴇ ᴀɴᴏᴛʜᴇʀ ᴀᴛ ᴀ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ. ʟᴇᴀʀɴ ᴀʙᴏᴜᴛ ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀᴅᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴘᴀɪʀ ᴛʜᴀᴛ ɪɴᴅɪᴄᴀᴛᴇs ᴛʜᴇ ᴏʀɪɢɪɴ ᴀɴᴅ ɪᴛs ʟᴏᴄᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ ᴘʟᴀɴᴇ ʙʏ ᴡᴀᴛᴄʜɪɴɢ ᴛʜɪs ᴛᴜᴛᴏʀɪᴀʟ.

ᴠ) ᴀ ᴄᴀʀᴛᴇsɪᴀɴ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ɪɴ ᴀ ᴘʟᴀɴᴇ ɪs ᴀ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇ sʏsᴛᴇᴍ ᴛʜᴀᴛ sᴘᴇᴄɪғɪᴇs ᴇᴀᴄʜ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ ᴜɴɪǫᴜᴇʟʏ ʙʏ ᴀ ᴘᴀɪʀ ᴏғ ɴᴜᴍᴇʀɪᴄᴀʟ ᴄᴏᴏʀᴅɪɴᴀᴛᴇs, ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ᴀʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ sɪɢɴᴇᴅ ᴅɪsᴛᴀɴᴄᴇs ᴛᴏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘᴏɪɴᴛ ғʀᴏᴍ ᴛᴡᴏ ғɪxᴇᴅ ᴘᴇʀᴘᴇɴᴅɪᴄᴜʟᴀʀ ᴏʀɪᴇɴᴛᴇᴅ ʟɪɴᴇs, ᴍᴇᴀsᴜʀᴇᴅ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ sᴀᴍᴇ ᴜɴɪᴛ ᴏғ ʟᴇɴɢᴛʜ.