1. Give the technical terms for the following:
(i) The animal in which pseudopodia are present.
(ii) The protozoan possessing both plant and
animal features.
(iii) The group to which sponges belong.
(iv) The character on the basis of which the
phylum Cnidaria is named.
(v) A free-living flatworm.
(vi) Three animals belonging to phylum platyhe-
Iminthes.
(vii) Excretory organs of annelids.
(viii) Organs of excretion in arthropoda.
(ix) Four molluscs and two echinoderms.
(x) The phylum in which animals possess tube feet.
Answers
Explanation:
(i)Amoeba
Amoeba has pseudopodia to engulf the food material by phagocytosis.
(ii)Euglena is a large genus of unicellular protists: they have both plant and animal characteristics. All live in water, and move by means of a flagellum. This is an animal characteristic. Most have chloroplasts, which are characteristic of algae and plants.
(iii) The approximately 5,000 living sponge sp ecies are classified in the phylum Porifera, which is composed of three distinct groups, the Hexactinellida (glass sponges), the Demospongia, and the Calcarea (calcareous sponges). Sponges are characterized by the possession of a feeding system unique among animals.
(iv)The phylum cnidaria have a special stinging cells called cnidoblast which are used for anchorage, defense. Due to the presence of cnidoblast named the phylum cnidaria.
(v)Unlike their parasitic cousins in the flatworm group (the tapeworms and flukes), most turbellarians are free-living, and most are carnivores, eating tiny aquatic invertebrates such as rotifers, small crustaceans, and other worms.
(vi)The Phylum: Platyhelminthes includes the flatworms (Planaria, flukes & tapeworms) Three Classes treated here are Turbellaria, Trematoda and Cestoda.
(vii) nephridia
In annelids, the excretory organs are nephridia. Nephridia is an excretory organ which removes nitrogenous waste from the body cavity and expel them through the pores outside the body. The body fluid enters the nephristome which is a funnel shaped opening. Cilia move the fluid through the funnel into nephridium.
(viii) Crustaceans and arachnids possess paired excretory organs (maxillary, antennal, or coxal glands) that open at the bases of certain appendages. Myriapods, insects, and some arachnids, such as spiders and mites, possess another type of excretory organ, Malpighian tubules, which open into the intestine.
(ix) Mollusca and Echinodermata are two phyla that belong to the Kingdom Animalia. They are triploblastic organisms.Clams, oyster and squid, are some molluscs while sea cucumber, starfish and sea urchin are some echinoderms.
(x) The main structural characteristics separating the phylum Echinodermata (Gr: Echinos , spiny; derma, skin) from all other animal phyla are: (1) the possession of hydraulic tube feet, connected by a tubular water-vascular system; (2) the possession of a basic five-rayed symmetry; and (3) the reticular nature of the calcite of which the skeletal elements are composed. Of these, only the first is diagnostic: all known modern echinoderms have tube feet, and it seems highly probable that all the extinct ones had them too.
Answer:
Explanation:
(i)Amoeba
Amoeba has pseudopodia to engulf the food material by phagocytosis.
(ii)Euglena is a large genus of unicellular protists: they have both plant and animal characteristics. All live in water, and move by means of a flagellum. This is an animal characteristic. Most have chloroplasts, which are characteristic of algae and plants.
(iii) The approximately 5,000 living sponge sp ecies are classified in the phylum Porifera, which is composed of three distinct groups, the Hexactinellida (glass sponges), the Demospongia, and the Calcarea (calcareous sponges). Sponges are characterized by the possession of a feeding system unique among animals.
(iv)The phylum cnidaria have a special stinging cells called cnidoblast which are used for anchorage, defense. Due to the presence of cnidoblast named the phylum cnidaria.
(v)Unlike their parasitic cousins in the flatworm group (the tapeworms and flukes), most turbellarians are free-living, and most are carnivores, eating tiny aquatic invertebrates such as rotifers, small crustaceans, and other worms.
(vi)The Phylum: Platyhelminthes includes the flatworms (Planaria, flukes & tapeworms) Three Classes treated here are Turbellaria, Trematoda and Cestoda.
(vii) nephridia
In annelids, the excretory organs are nephridia. Nephridia is an excretory organ which removes nitrogenous waste from the body cavity and expel them through the pores outside the body. The body fluid enters the nephristome which is a funnel shaped opening. Cilia move the fluid through the funnel into nephridium.
(viii) Crustaceans and arachnids possess paired excretory organs (maxillary, antennal, or coxal glands) that open at the bases of certain appendages. Myriapods, insects, and some arachnids, such as spiders and mites, possess another type of excretory organ, Malpighian tubules, which open into the intestine.
(ix) Mollusca and Echinodermata are two phyla that belong to the Kingdom Animalia. They are triploblastic organisms.Clams, oyster and squid, are some molluscs while sea cucumber, starfish and sea urchin are some echinoderms.
(x) The main structural characteristics separating the phylum Echinodermata (Gr: Echinos , spiny; derma, skin) from all other animal phyla are: (1) the possession of hydraulic tube feet, connected by a tubular water-vascular system; (2) the possession of a basic five-rayed symmetry; and (3) the reticular nature of the calcite of which the skeletal elements are composed. Of these, only the first is diagnostic: all known modern echinoderms have tube feet, and it seems highly probable that all the extinct ones had them too.