Question

1. How did Chandragupta establish and expand the Mauryan empire?

2. Why did Ashoka invade Kalinga? How did the battle affect Ashoka's life and policies?

3. Why did Ashoka advocate the policy of 'dhamma'? Mention the main principles of Ashoka's Dhamma.

4. What measures of public welfare had been taken by Ashoka?

5. Discuss the development of art and architecture during the Mauryan rule.

6. What led to the downfall of the Mauryan empire? How is Ashoka held responsible
for it?

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Answer 1

Answer:

1. The Maurya Empire was founded in 322 BCE by Chandragupta Maurya, who had overthrown the Nanda Dynasty and rapidly expanded his power westward across central and western India in order to take advantage of the disruptions of local powers in the wake of the withdrawal by Alexander the Great 's armies.

2. When Ashoka became the king, Kalinga was not the part of Mauryan Empire. He decided to conquer Kalinga. He invaded Kalinga and conquered it. ... Ashoka saw the wounded and dying soldiers and the widows and orphans and the misery and sufferings that war had brought to the people.

3. Ashoka pleaded for tolerance of different religious sects in an attempt to create a sense of harmony. The policy of Dhamma also laid stress on non-violence, which was to be practiced by giving up war and conquests and also as a restraint on the killing of animals.

4.

1. . Ashoka built good roods and planted trees on both sides of the reads.
2. He constructed rest houses where travelers could rest.
3. A large number of will were dug.
4. Ashoka built many hospitals both for people and animals

5. Mainly in the period of Ashoka, the art and architecture was at its zenith and fall within the category of court art. ... Ashoka embraced Buddhism and the immense Buddhist missionary activities that followed encouraged the development of distinct sculptural and architectural styles

6. One obvious reason for it was the succession of weak kings. Another immediate cause was the partition of the Empire into two. ... Mauryan Empire began to decline after the death of Ashoka in 232 BC. The last king was Brihadratha was assassinated by his general Pushyamitra Shunga who was a Brahmin.

Explanation:

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