1. How far did the Shimla pact of 1972 between India and Pakistan prove to be
successful? Assess. ,
भारत और पाकिस्तान के बीच हुआ 1972 का शिमला समझौता किस सीमा तक सफल रहा? आकलन
2. Distinguish between mid-term election and bielection.
मध्यावधि चुनाव तथा उपचुनाव में अंतर स्पष्ट कीजिए।
on
3. Write the composition of the Constituent Assembly of India as
31st December, 1947,
31 दिसंबर, 1947 को भारत की संविधान-सभा की रचना क्या थी?
317/HIS/109B
2
Answers
Answer:
1. it was quite successful.
The Simla Agreement signed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto of Pakistan on 2nd July 1972 was much more than a peace treaty seeking to reverse the consequences of the 1971 war (i.e. to bring about withdrawals of troops and an exchange of PoWs). It was a comprehensive blue print for good neighbourly relations between India and Pakistan. Under the Simla Agreement both countries undertook to abjure conflict and confrontation which had marred relations in the past, and to work towards the establishment of durable peace, friendship and cooperation.
The Simla Agreement contains a set of guiding principles, mutually agreed to by India and Pakistan, which both sides would adhere to while managing relations with each other. These emphasize: respect for each other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty; non-interference in each other’s internal affairs; respect for each others unity, political independence; sovereign equality; and abjuring hostile propaganda. The following principles of the Agreement are, however, particularly noteworthy:
A mutual commitment to the peaceful resolution of all issues through direct bilateral approaches.
To build the foundations of a cooperative relationship with special focus on people to people contacts.
To uphold the inviolability of the Line of Control in Jammu and Kashmir, which is a most important CBM between India and Pakistan, and a key to durable peace.
2. Is by-election different from mid-term elections? Explain both of them briefly?
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By-Elections are held if some seats in Lok sabha or Vidhan sabha fall vacant without completing the term due to one of the following reasons:-
The sitting MLA or MP dies without completing his/her term.
The sitting MLA/MP resigns from his/her seat.
The sitting MLA/MP is disqualified from holding the seat due to any legality.
The sitting MLA/MP resigns if he has fought another election or fought from two different seats and won both.
Mid-term elections are held for full house not some seats due to the following reasons:-
Sitting government is dissolved by President/governor.
Sitting government fails to prove its majority and no other option is available which can do so.
3. Constituent Assembly of India was set up under Cabinet Mission Plan of 1946. It consisted of 385 members, of which 292 were elected by the elected members of the provincial Legislative Assemblies while 93 members were nominated by the Princely States.It also had one representative each from the four chief Commissioners provinces of Delhi, Ajmer-Marwar, Coorg and British Baluchistan.
B N Rao was the Constitutional Advisor of the Assembly. Dr. Rajendra prasad was elected as its president.
Explanation:
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