1. Identify and name the persons.
2. What was their contribution to the Indian National Movement?
3. Name the person who declared that Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have iť.
Answers
‘Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it ‘ slogan was coined by Bal Gangadhar Tilak. Bal Gangadhar Tilak, was also referred to as Lokamanya Tilak was a leader of the Indian independence movement and belonged to the extremist faction. He was also termed as the ‘Father of Indian Unrest’.
About Bal Gangadhar Tilak
Tilak’s birth took place in the year 1856 and his name was Keshav Gangadhar Tilak in Ratnagiri, Maharashtra.
He was born in a middle-class Hindu family
He obtained a bachelor’s degree from Pune
At the early stages of life, he worked as a Maths teacher, then he started working as a journalist and joined the freedom movement.
Political career of Bal Gangadhar Tilak
He started his political career by joining the Congress in 1890.
He was opposed to moderate methods and views and had a more radical and aggressive stance against British rule.
He was one among the first advocates of Swaraj or self-rule.
He believed in the philosophy that no progress was possible without self-rule.
He took part in the extremist faction of the INC and was a supporter of boycott and Swadeshi movements.
He published two prominent papers – Kesari in Marathi and Mahratta in English.
He was fearless in his criticism of the government in these papers.
He was also sentenced to 18 months imprisonment on charges of “incitement to murder”.
He was also jailed for 6 years in Mandalay prison from 1908 to 1914 for writing articles defending Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose. These were the revolutionaries who had killed
two English women, throwing the bomb into the carriage carrying the women.
Tilak re-joined the Indian National Congress in 1916, after the split earlier.
He was one among the co-founders of the All India Home Rule League, along with Annie Besant and G S Khaparde.
Tilak drew his political ideas heavily from the ancient Hindu scriptures.
He addressed the people to be proud of their heritage. He was against the westernisation of Indian society.
He brought the change of simple Ganesh Puja performed at home into a social and public Ganesh festival.
He utilised the Ganesh Chaturthi and Shiv Jayanti (birth anniversary of Shivaji) festivals to create unity and a national spirit among the people. Unfortunately, this move alienated
non-Hindus from him.
The Sarvajanik Ganeshotsav is now popularised due to his efforts since 1894 is still one of the biggest festivals of Maharashtra.
In spite of being a nationalist radical leader, Bal Gangadhar Tilak’s social views were conservative.
According to him Hindu women getting modern education was not the rule um=nder under Indian society.
He opposed the bill which mentioned the age of marrying a girl is in between 10 & 12.
With all these new reforms, trends and changes in the country, he developed nation to a greater extent. He died in the year1920 aged 64.
please amrk it as brainliest