Question

1. In human alimentary canal, name the site of complete digestion of various components of food.

Explain the process of digestion.

2. List in tabular form, three differences between arteries and veins.

3. List the three kinds of blood vessels of human circulatory system and write their functions in

tabular form.

4. (a) "The breathing cycle is rhythmic whereas exchange of gases is a continuous process". Justify

this statement.

(b) What happens if conducting tubes of circulatory system develops a leak? State in brief, how

could this be avoided?

(c) How opening and closing of stomata takes place?

5. Draw a diagram of the front view of human heart and label any six parts including at least two that

are concerned with arterial blood supply to the heart muscles.

6. Describe in brief the function of kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Small intestine

Small intestine is the site where complete digestion of various components of food in human takes...

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

Small intestine .

Secretions of liver and pancreas mixes with food. Pancreatic enzymes make it alkaline. Bile juice from liver too helps in it. Bile salts break the fat present in the form of large globules into smaller ones, increasing the efficiency of enzyme action. Enzymes like trypsin digests proteins and lipase and breaksdown fats. Intestinal juice convert

proteins to amino acids, complex carbohydrate to glucose and fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

ARTERIES VEINS

Functions

Involved in carrying pure, oxygenated blood and nutrient-rich blood. Involved in carrying impure, deoxygenated blood

Walls

Consists of three distinct layers, which are rigid, thicker and highly muscular. Consists of three distinct layers, which are thin and collapsible.

Position

Located deep within the body. Peripherally located closer to the skin.

Colour

Red in colour. Blue in colour.

Transports

Carry blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. Carry blood towards the heart from the various parts of the body.

Rate of pressure

High pressure, as the blood flows by the pumping pressure of the heart. Low pressure, as the blood flows by the capillary action of the veins.

Oxygen Level

Comparatively higher oxygen level. Comparatively low oxygen level.

Carbon dioxide Level  

The level of carbon dioxide is low The level of carbon dioxide is high

The direction of Blood Flow

In downward direction from the heart to the body tissues. In upward direction from the body tissues to the heart.

Lumina

Lumina is narrow.                                        Lumina is wide.

Valves are absent                                   Valves are present

Disorders

Arteries are at a greater risk

of certain diseases like angina pectoris,

atherosclerosis, etc.                 Veins are less susceptible to disease  

There are three main types of blood vessels:

Arteries. They carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all of the body's tissues.

Capillaries. These small blood vessels connect the arteries and the veins.

Veins. These are blood vessels that take blood back to the heart.

The breathing cycle involves inhalation and exhalation of air due to alternate expansion and contraction of thoracic cavity. Thus it is a rhythmic process. But exchange of gases is a continuous process as it takes place between the blood and each and every cell, by diffusion.

The blood clots if conducting tubes of a circulatory system develops a leak. The platelets will increase, which will minimize the leakage. ... The problem is that if the person doesn't develop with a blood clot, then the medical care is required, otherwise this can lead to death.

The opening and closing of stomata depend on the turgor pressure, caused by the osmotic flow of water in the guard cells. When the guard cells are turgid, they expand resulting in the opening of stomata. When the guard cells lose water, they become flaccid leading to stomatal closure.

The kidneys form the urine and account for the other functions attributed to the urinary system. The ureters carry the urine away from kidneys to the urinary bladder, which is a temporary reservoir for the urine. The urethra is a tubular structure that carries the urine from the urinary bladder to the outside