Question

1. In human alimentary canal, name the site of complete digestion of various components of food.

Explain the process of digestion.

2. List in tabular form, three differences between arteries and veins.

3. List the three kinds of blood vessels of human circulatory system and write their functions in

tabular form.

4. (a) "The breathing cycle is rhythmic whereas exchange of gases is a continuous process". Justify

this statement.

(b) What happens if conducting tubes of circulatory system develops a leak? State in brief, how

could this be avoided?

(c) How opening and closing of stomata takes place?
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Answer 1

Answer:

1. Small intestine is site of complete digestion in the alimentary canal. Small intestine receives bile juice from liver and pancreatic juice from pancreas .Bile juice helps in emulsification of fats and converting the acidic medium to alkaline medium. Pancreatic juice contains enzymes such as amylase ,trypsin and lipase. Amylase helps in the digestion of carbohydrates and forms glucose .Trypsin helps in the digestion of protein and forms amino acid. Lipase helps in the digestion of fats and forms fatty acids and glycerol.

2.Arteries:-

1. They are thick walled

2. In arteries blood flows in high pressure

3.They carry oxygenated blood from heart to different parts of the body

Veins:-

1.They are thin walled

2. In veins blood flows in low pressure

3. They carry deoxygenated blood from different body parts to heart.

3. 1. Artery:-They carry oxygenated blood from heart to different parts of the body

2.Veins:-They carry deoxygenated blood from different body parts to heart.

3. Capillaries:- They carry blood to each an every cell of the body

4.(a) Breathing cycle involves inhalation and exhalation of gas due to contraction and expansion of diaphragm and thoracic cavity whereas exchange of gases is a continuous process between cells and blood by diffusion.

(b)Blood gets clot when the leakage of conducting tube takes place. The platelets increases and stops the leakage. Due to this inactive thrombin gets converted in active thromboplasma .This thromboplasma will convert inactive fibrinogen into active fibrin which creates a clot . If the clot doesn't form this may lead to death.

(c)Swelling of guard cells results in opening of stomata due to absorption of water whereas shrinking of guard cells results in closing of stomata.

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