1. List the process in the interconversion of states of matter. 2. (a) How does a solid change into a liquid? Explain. (b) How does a liquid change into a gas? Explain the process briefly. 3. Describe the processes involved in changing of a gas into a liquid and further a liquid into a solid. Explain the conditions briefly. 4. (a) Define Brownian movement. (b) How does Brownian movement vary for three different states of matter? 5. (a) Define diffusion. (b) How is diffusion affected in three different states of matter? 6. Define cohesive forces. How does its value change for three different states of matter? 7. Describe the effect of heat on a solid, a liquid and a gas in terms of expansion. 8. What happens when common salt is dissolved in water? Explain briefly.
Answers
Answer:
A, When a solid reaches the temperature of its melting point, it can become a liquid. For water, the temperature needs to be a little over zero degrees Celsius (0oC) for you to melt. ... The reverse of the melting process is called freezing. Liquid water freezes and becomes solid ice when the molecules lose energy.
B, Evaporation occurs when particles on the surface of a liquid transition into the gas phase. This is due to the movement of particles and can occur at temperatures lower than the boiling point. Evaporation will occur more rapidly in liquids as they become warmer due to increased vapor pressure of the liquid
3. The attractive forces now have a chance to draw the particles closer together, forming a liquid. This process is called condensation. The particles are now in clumps, but as more energy is removed by cooling, the particles start to align themselves, and a solid is formed
4. the erratic random movement of microscopic particles in a fluid, as a result of continuous bombardment from molecules of the surrounding medium.
5. Diffusion takes place most rapidly in gasses. The particles of gas have more kinetic energy due to that they move with high speed. ... Diffusion takes place in liquids. The rate of diffusion is less in liquid than that of gases. The particles of liquid have enough movement because of kinetic energy for diffusion
6. cohesive forces are the intermolecular forces( such as those from hydrogen bonding and van der Waka forces) which cause a tendency in liquids to resist separation. these attractive forces exist between molecules of the same substance
7. All three states of matter (solid, liquid and gas) expand when heated. The atoms themselves do not expand, but the volume they take up does. ... Heat causes the molecules to move faster, (heat energy is converted to kinetic energy ) which means that the volume of a gas increases more than the volume of a solid or liquid.
8. Water molecules pull the sodium and chloride ions apart, breaking the ionic bond that held them together. After the salt compounds are pulled apart, the sodium and chloride atoms are surrounded by water molecules. Once this happens, the salt is dissolved, resulting in a homogeneous solution.
Explanation: