Question

1 Make a temporary potato osmoscope to study osmosis. Sketch & label the diagram showing the change in the water level.​

Answer 1

Refer to the attachment for diagram

OBSERVATION :-

• An increase in the level of sucrose solution is observed in the osmometer. It is because of the entrance of water due to endosmosis from the beaker.

• Also, a water potential gradient is built between the sucrose solution in the external water and the osmometer.

• Though both the liquids are divided by living cells of the potato tuber, they allow the entrance of water into the sugar solution.

• This demonstrates the entrance of water into the sugar solution through the tissues of potato serving as a selectively permeable membrane.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Osmosis is the process by which solvent molecules move from a region of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a semi-permeable membrane. The process keeps on until the amount of fluid in both the semipermeable membrane area with the higher concentration and the region with the lower concentration is balanced or equalised. Osmosis, then, is the diffusion or transfer of water from a higher water potential zone to a lower water potential region.

Material Required:

• A new, substantial-sized potato tuber
• 20% sucrose solution
• Beaker
• Water
• Scalpel/blade
• Petri dish
• A Bell pin needle with a waterproof ink label

Procedure:

• Using a scalpel or blade, cut the potato tuber in half so that each half is the same size. Peeling off the outer skin is required. Slice the halves into squares because the tuber's form is erratic.
• Scoop soft parenchyma from the middle of the tuber to create a small hollow that is either square or round. The prepared cavity should have a minimum thickness at the base.
• With the freshly made 20% sugar solution, fill the cavity to half. Fix a pin into the cavity such that the mark is parallel to the layer of the sucrose solution.
• Place the osmometer in a water-filled Petri dish or beaker so that 75% of the instrument is submerged in the liquid.
• There should be no interruptions during the setup for over an hour.
• At the conclusion of the experiment, take note of the sugar solution in the osmometer.
• Use the sucrose solution in the petri dish or beaker and the water in the cavity to conduct the experiment.

Observation:

The sugar solution in the osmoscope eventually rises and takes on a coloured appearance.

Conclusion:

• The amount of sucrose solution in the osmometer is shown to be rising. It is as a result of water entering by endosmosis from the beaker.

• Additionally, a water potential gradient is created between the osmometer and the sucrose solution in the external water.

• Despite the fact that the potato tuber's living cells separate the two liquids, they nonetheless permit water to enter the sugar solution.

• This depicts how the tissues of the potato act as a selectively permeable barrier to allow water to enter the sugar solution.

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