Question

1. Mention all the advantages of using mercury
in thermometers.
2. Mention some important effects of heat.
3. Differentiate between the following:
(a) Expansion in solids, liquids and gases
(b) Freezing point and absolute zero
(c) Laboratory and clinical thermometers
(d) Celsius and Kelvin scales
(e) Thermal expansion and contraction
4. Discuss how can you use a laboratory
thermometer correctly to measure the
temperature of a chemical.​

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Advantage of using mercury in thermomete

• It does not stick to the glass tube.
• It expands on providing heat to it.
• It has lower freezing point and higher boiling point.
• It is a shining metal and when it expands, the expansion can be easily seen.

2. Some important effects of heat

• Raises the temperature.
• Increases volume.
• Changes state.
• Brings about chemical action.
• Changes physical properties.

4. Use of Laboratory Thermometer:

• Take some water in a beaker.
• Take a laboratory thermometer and immerse its bulb end in water; holding it vertically. Ensure to dip whole portion of bulb end.
• Observe the movement of rise of mercury. ...
• Repeat this with hot water and take the reading.

Answer 2

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Explanation:

1. all the advantage of using mercury in thermometer

It does not stick to the glass tube.

It expands on providing heat to it.

It has lower freezing point and higher boiling point.

It is a shining metal and when it expands, the expansion can be easily seen.

2.The important effects of heat on an object are listed below:

Raises the temperature.

Increases volume.

Changes state.

Brings about chemical action.

Changes physical properties.

3.a)Liquids expand for the same reason, but because the bonds between separate molecules are usually less tight they expand more than solids. ... Heat causes the molecules to move faster, (heat energy is converted to kinetic energy ) which means that the volume of a gas increases more than the volume of a solid or liquid.

b)Absolute temperature is the lowest temperature at which the system is at its lowest possible energy. Kelvin and Rankine's scales are used to measure the absolute temperature. The freezing point means a point that can probably be any temperature at which any compound freezes

c)Clinical thermometer is used to measure human body temperature whereas laboratory thermometer is used to measure temperature of other object which has higher temperature than human body temperature

d)The Kelvin scale is preferred in scientific work, although the Celsius scale is also commonly used. Temperatures measured on the Kelvin scale are reported simply as K, not °K. ... In contrast, both a degree Celsius and a kelvin are 9/5 the size of a degree Fahrenheit (°F).

e)THERMAL EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION. Materials expand or contract when subjected to changes in temperature. Most materials expand when they are heated, and contract when they are cooled. When free to deform, concrete will expand or contract due to fluctuations in temperature.

4.Use of Laboratory Thermometer:

Take some water in a beaker.

Take a laboratory thermometer and immerse its bulb end in water; holding it vertically. Ensure to dip whole portion of bulb end. ...

Observe the movement of rise of mercury. ...

Repeat this with hot water and take the reading.