Question

1.Mention the names of disease occuring due to deficiency of vitamins. what are the causes of such diseases?​

Answer 1

Deficient Vitamins

Diseases

Thiamine (Vitamin B1)

Severe deficiency causes Beriberi with symptoms being weight loss, impaired sensory perception, weakness, and pain in limbs. Some forms of beriberi are Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome.

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)

The deficiency of this vitamin causes angular cheilitis which causes inflammation at mouth corners, chapped, and cracked lips. It can also cause anaemia.

Niacin (Vitamin B3)

Causes Pellagra which is a life-threatening disease. The symptoms are diarrhoea, dermatitis, and dementia. If not treated at an early stage, the patient may die.

Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)

Vitamin B5 deficiency is rare and the symptoms are fatigue, apathy, and irritability.

Vitamin B6

End-stage kidney diseases such as celiac disease, Crohn disease, etc. The symptoms include microcytic anaemia depression, dermatitis, and electroencephalographic abnormalities

Biotin (Vitamin B7)

The deficiency affects the growth of hair and deteriorates skin health. Increased urinary excretion of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid is a sign of biotin deficiency.

Folate (Vitamin B9)

It is very common and the deficiency is associated with neural tube defects in infants. Cerebral folate deficiency is a rare form of folate deficiency where the vitamin concentrations in the brain are low despite normal blood flow.

Vitamin B12

Deficiency of this disease leads to pernicious anaemia, megaloblastic anaemia, methylmalonic acidemia, etc.

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C)

Deficiency results in Scurvy and the symptoms are bleeding gums, swelling in joints and skin spots.

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