1. Name the two basic types of sources of energy. Give an example for each.
2. How is increasing demand for energy adversely affecting our environment?
3. What is the principle used in a) thermal power plant b) hydro power plant ?
4.Why thermal power plants are located near the coal fields?
5. How is charcoal made from wood?
6. Charcoal is considered as better fuel than wood.Justify with suitable reason.
7. Describe how hydro energy can be converted into electric energy?
8. What is acid rain ?
9. State three reasons to justify that LPG is considered as an ideal fuel.
10. List any two advantages of hydro energy. 11. What is biomass?
12. Write the composition of biogas.
13. Name the part of a biogas plant where the reactions take place in the absence of oxygen.What helps in the break down of complex compounds of cow dung slurry?
14. List two practical uses of biogas in rural areas.
15. List two nutrients that the slurry left behind in the biogas plant contain.
16. How does biogas plant help to reduce the problem of pollution?
17. Why biogas is popularly known as gobar gas?
18. Biogas is considered to be a boon to the farmers give reason.
19. Compare and contrast biomass and hydro electricity as sources of energy.
20. Do you think that biomass is a renewable source of energy? Give reason.
Answers
The answers to the given question are as follows:
Two basic types of source of energy are :-
- Non renewable source of energy for example coal, petroleum etc.
- Renewable source of energy for example solar energy, wind energy.
2) Our environment is affecting adversely with the increasing demand of energydepletion of conventional or non renewable resources and due to excess of pollution.
3) The principle of the following are:
- Thermal power plant :- why the burning of fuel heat is released that results in steam production from the water. The generator to which the turbine is coupled runs by the steam produce which results in production of electrical energy.
- Hydro power plant:- In the dams kinetic energy is converted from potential energy that is stored at a great height and the energy of water flowing at high speed is used to generate electricity.
4) Thermal power plant requires power to generate which could be possible by burning of coal and petroleum.
5) charcoal is produced by the process known as burning of charcoal in which wood is heated in the absence of oxygen which is known as slow pyrolysis.
6) Charcoal is a compact fuel that produces less smoke and twice the heat as compared to wood and is easy to handle.
7) In the dams kinetic energy is converted from potential energy that is stored at a great height and the energy of water flowing at high speed in turbine is converted into mechanical energy is used to generate electricity which is further converted into electrical energy by the generator.
8) Acid rain is a form of any precipitation which contain elevated levels of hydrogen ions and unusually acidic.
9) Three reason that LPG is an ideal fuel are:
- High calorific value
- Do not form harmful gases
- Easy to handle
10) Two advantages of hydroelectric plant are as follows:
- It is a clean fuel that do not cause pollution.
- It is safe, flexible and reliable.
11) Biomass is the animal or plant material that is used for variety industrial processes for large range of products as raw material and also used in energy production.
12) Carbon dioxide, methane gas and trace amount of hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon monoxide are the constituent of the biogas.
13) Digester is the part of the biogas microorganism breakdown or decomposes complex compounds in the absence of oxygen and the process is called anaerobic digestion.
14) Two advantage of biogas in rural areas are:-
- For chullas biogas is used as a fuel.
- Biogas is also used as lightning purpose in the rural areas.
15) Nitrogen and phosphorus are the two two nutrients that is left behind the slurry.
16) Biogass plant help in reducing the pollution due to following reasons:-
- It can be used as a fuel for vehicle.
- It is used for generating electricity.
17) In the wastewater treatment plant cow dung is used for the production of biogas.
18) Because biogas can be used to produce fuel as well as to generate electricity.
19) Both Biomass and hydro electricity are the renewable sources of energy from which energy can be produced again and again. Biomass can be obtained from waste of dead animals and plant where as hydro electricity can be obtained from the stored energy of water water at some height.
20) Biogas is renewable source of energy because which energy is obtained from the waste of Dead animals and plants as well as from the Sun.