1. Name three different categories of farmers in the villages of southern India.
2. Which language did Buddha adopt to spread his teachings and why?
3. Why is the earth considered a unique planet?
4.Mention some functions of the Tehsildar.
Answers
Answer:
1. There were different kinds of people who lived in the villages, in southern India, for example in Kerala-Tamil Nadu region, There were three main classes of people. These were rich landowners known as vellalars, ordinary ploughmen known as uzhavars known as kadasiyar and adimai. In North India, the village headman was known as grama bhojaka. Independent farmers they were smaller landowners called grihapatis. Below them were the dasa karmakara who did not own land and earned their livelihood by working in the fields.
2. Buddha tried to spread his message to the people by teaching in the ordinary language, Prakrit so that everybody could understand it. He travelled on foot, going from one place to another, teaching people. Also, he encouraged people to think for themselves rather than to simply accept what he said.
3. The Earth is known as a unique planet as life exists on it. This is because of the following reasons:
i. The Earth is located at an optimum distance from the Sun. Hence it is neither too hot nor too cold.
ii. The Earth has an average temperature of 17°C, which is suitable to sustain all life forms.
iii. The Earth has an atmosphere which is made up of gases like oxygen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
iv. While the Ozone layer prevents the harmful rays of the Sun from entering into the Earth, carbon dioxide traps the Sun's heat, keeping the planet warm.
V. The Earth has water which is essential for the survival of all living beings.
4. A Tehsildar has to hear the disputes. He also supervises the work of the Patwari and ensures that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected. They make sure that the farmers can easily obtain a copy of their record, students can obtain their caste certificates etc.
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