1.PROJECT ON MANAGEMENT DISASTER
Choose any man made or natural disaster which your area may
be vulnerable to e.g gas leaks, corona pandemics, rail or road
accidents, laboratory accidents, earthquakes, Floods, volcanic
eruptions etc.
Follow the points
1. What is the disaster management ? Why is it important for
students to study about disaster management?
2. The basic role of the student is AWARENESS of what to do
during and after disasters.
3. Prepare a survey schedule detailing the different areas
that are posing threats due to the various natural and
manmade disasters in and around your school for example
factory/slum/dump yard located nearby.
4. Collect the data and prepare a report.
5. Develop posters for awareness generation in your school.
6. Make a plan to deal with any one of the disasters likely to
affect your school.
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
Abstract
In this chapter, we will elaborate on three basic terms in the field of disaster risk science: hazards, disasters, and risks. We will also discuss the classification, indexes, temporal and spatial patterns, and some other fundamental scientific problems that are related to these three terms.
In this chapter, we will elaborate on three basic terms in the field of disaster risk science: hazards, disasters and risks. We will also discuss the classification, indexes, temporal and spatial patterns, and some other fundamental scientific problems that are related to these three terms.
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Hazards
According to the United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (UNISDR), a hazard is a natural process or phenomenon that may pose negative impacts on the economy, society, and ecology, including both natural factors and human factors that are associated with the natural ones. Hazards are the origins of disasters. Hazards are detrimental to the development of human beings and hinder the sustainability of the world.
During the development of human beings, people have experienced and gradually understood all kinds of hazards. From different perspectives, disaster risk scientists studied on the classification, temporal and spatial patterns, and causes of hazards.
In this section, we will focus on the different classifications of hazards. Refer to research in natural disaster science and disaster geography for the temporal and spatial patterns of hazards. If you are interested in the causes of hazards, you may look up related research findings in geoscience, life science, and environmental science.
Classification of Hazards by Causes
There are all kinds of hazards in human society. However, from the perspective of causes, hazards can be divided into two types, that is, hazards caused by natural factors and hazards caused by human factors that are associated with natural environments. In fact, the percentage of the former type of hazards is dwindling, while that of the latter type of hazards is increasing.
Classification of hazards by ICSU-IRDR research program
The Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) program of the International Council for Science (ICSU) classified hazards into 6 families, 20 main events, and 47 perils (UN-ICSU 2012).
There are six broad hazard categories within the family group:
Geophysical hazard: a hazard originating from solid earth. This term can be used interchangeably with the term geological hazard.
Hydrological hazard: a hazard caused by the occurrence, movement, and distribution of the surface and subsurface freshwater and saltwater.
Meteorological hazard: a hazard caused by short-lived, micro- to mesoscale extreme weather and atmospheric conditions that last from minutes to days.
Climatological hazard: a hazard caused by long-lived, meso- to macro-scale atmospheric processes ranging from intra-seasonal to multi-decadal climate variability.
Biological hazard: a hazard caused by the exposure to living organisms and/or the toxic substances or vector-borne diseases that they may carry.
Extraterrestrial hazard: a hazard caused by asteroids, meteoroids, and comets as they pass near earth, enter the earth’s atmosphere, and/or strike the earth, or change in interplanetary conditions that affect the earth’s magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere.
There are 20 main events. They are earthquake, mass movement, volcanic activity, flood, landslide, wave action, convective storm, extratropical storm, extreme temperature, fog, tropical cyclone, drought, glacial lake outburst, wildfire, animal incident, disease, insect infestation, extra impact, airburst, and space weather.