1. Raziya, a powerful female rule
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Answer:
Razia Sultan was the first Muslim female ruler. She ruled in Delhi from 1236 to 1240 as the Sultan herself – it was a title never before bestowed on a woman, a position of power never before attained by a woman. She was the fifth Mamluk Sultan, one of the few female sovereigns ever in the entire history of Islamic civilizations across the world.
Razia it is believed had refused to be addressed as a Sultana (as per her gender) as that word meant “wife or mistress of a Sultan”, but claimed the title “Sultan”, as she herself was the premier.
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Answer:
Razia Sultana was the first woman Sultanate of India, and ruled the court of Delhi from the end of 1236 to 1240. The only ever woman to do so, she defied all odds to occupy the throne, including overcoming conflicts over her gender and her slave ancestry. During her reign, she proved her mettle as a just and capable ruler, and was renowned for her subversive actions, which varied from sporting men’s attire to printing coins in her own name and image.
In 1205, Razia Sultan was born into the household of Shams-us-din Iltutmish as his only daughter. Although he had entered Delhi as a slave worker under Qutb-ud-din, he had impressed the ruler with his efficiency, and had been appointed as a provincial governor. Iltutmish sought to impart these same qualities to all his children, including Razia, and ensured they were all well educated and trained in archery, martial arts, and administration.
She was proud of her kingdom, and worked on conquering new territories and strengthening it.She also made breakthroughs in its administration, and established schools, academies, and public libraries.She gained many supporters and admirers through her reign.
Razia was finally handed the reigns to the kingdom on 10th November, 1236. Razia ascended the throne as Jalâlat ud-Dîn Raziyâ, and immediately dropped her veil, replacing it with men's attire instead. She authoritatively issued coins in her name, proclaiming herself to be the 'pillar of women' and 'Queen of the times.
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