1. Read the following statements. The level of glucose increases in blood. Glucose leaves the body through urine. The requisite amount of glucose cannot enter the cell. One feels hungry very often. Which one of the following hormones manifests the above symptoms due to hyposecretion? (a) Thyroxine (b) Insulin (c) Adrenaline (d) Estrogen
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An antidiuretic hormone secreted by the of the posterior lobe of the pituitary that regulates the urine output. The inability of the neurohypophysial system to produce ADH causes excess urine production with resultant ion loss from blood called as diabetes insipidus. The presence of high amount of sugar in the urine is an indicator of the inability of individual to metabolize/take up sugar due to hyposecretion of insulin and the condition is called as diabetes mellitus.
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The hyposecretion of insulin hormone manifests these symptoms-
- In the pancreas, beta-cells secrete insulin hormone. Insulin hormone maintains the blood sugar levels by signalling the cells to take up excess glucose present in the blood.
- A hyposecretion of insulin results in increased blood glucose levels as the cells cannot take up glucose. This condition is called hyperglycaemia. The excess glucose is released outside the body through urine.
- Because of the non-availability of glucose into the cells, the food is not converted into energy, this stimulates hunger.
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