1- Read the given extract carefully and answer the questions given below.
The 2004 Indian ocean tsunami disaster was documented in an emotional and compelling way by citizen journalists
equipped with mobile phones and cameras. A tsunami eyewitness participated in the relief efforts by providing
SMSs to a blogger in Mumbai, who posted them on the internet.
Bloggers also used the web to co-ordinate relief and roundup charities. the word changing block reports that within
12 hours after the tsunami disaster, communication consultant in India worked with Indian bloggers to create the
southeast Asia earthquake and tsunami blog. This was blog for resources, aid, donations and volunteer efforts. the
block had over 21000 visitors and 30 contributors in just 24 hours./
In recent times, online lobbying has played a vital role in changing legislation. For instance, in 2002, in The UK, a
campaign objective to the governments so-called e-snooping bill was begun online. Thousands of britisher sent
thousands of faxess to their MPs registering their disapproval. Within 48 hours the government abandoned their
plans for the regulation of investigatory Powers act./
the spread of the computer and net culture has led to the growth of online activism and citizen intervention. The
paper 'Appropriating the internet for social change' by the social Science research council clearly shows, two
examples of online publishing, online collaboration and online mobilisation that civil society is moving beyond
borders with the help of networked technologies. Organisational, cultural and geographical borders have been
crossed with data, ideas and emotions flowing fluidly through cyberspace. Electronic networks have become the
platform through which civil society operates./
There are many factors that make the Internet attractive for campaigning. These include its speed, global and local
reach to numerous users, low publishing cost and round the clock access, the information available online allows
the public to be more informed and articulate in expressing their views about public affairs, and more active in
mobilising community affairs./
The famous world trade organisation (WTO) protest in Hong Kong in 2005 in a successful instance where online
activism complemented Street protests. Many Indian NGOs like Action Aid, India, provided the latest news from
Hong Kong through their websites. This facilitated diversity of opinion amongst the protesters. The web and email
were used to build up a corpus of research ,criticism and opinions about WTO./
according to a study 'Democratic Divide' by Pippa Norris from Harvard University, "the Internet will we connect
people to the political process by helping them become more informed citizens, by helping representatives become
more responsive to citizens, and by engaging more people in public policy debates."/
The internet also plays an important role in challenging authoritarian regimes as it tends to break down barriers
directed by the government censors. The book 'Networks and Netwars' states that 45 countries restrict the citizens'
access to the internet by forcing them to subscribe to state-run internet service providers which filter out
objectionable sites. However this has been only partially effective and activists have found ways to sleeping
information past the controls./
The internet has emerged as an effective tool for activism, especially when combined with other media like
broadcasting and print. It benefits individuals, small groups as well as funded organisations. With more than 60 million Indians online and growing, e-activism is entering a vibrant stage in India and is here to stay.
2-Answer the following questions briefly. (2X4=8)
a) Where has the spread of computer and the internet culture lead to?
b) At the time of the tsunami in 2004 ,computer proved to be a miracle. How?
c) What factors make the internet attractive for campaigning?
d) Find words from the passage which mean the same as the following:
Calamity (para 1) and giving up (para 2)
plzz help fast
Answers
Answer:
Furthermore, India is also one of the countries with low literacy rates. This factor contributes largely to the population explosion in India. It is usually seen that the illiterate and poor classes have a greater number of children. This happens mainly because they do not have sufficient knowledge about birth control methods. In addition, more people in a family are equals to more helping hands. This means they have better chances of earning.
Moreover, we also see how these classes practice early marriage. This makes it one of the major reasons for a greater population. People marry off their young daughters to men way older than them for money or to get free from their responsibility. The young girl bears children from an early age and continues to do so for a long time.
As India is facing a shortage of resources, the population crisis just adds on to the problem. It makes it quite hard for every citizen to get an equal share of resources. This makes the poor poorer and the rich richer. hey mate your question is so long.
Answer:
)What made the UK government abandon the plan for a new legislation? *