Question

1. Short answer questions:
29) What is Shifting Cultivation? What are its disadvantages?
30) What attracted European trading companies to India?​

Answer 1

Answer:

29.) After the soil loses its fertility, the land is abandoned and the cultivator moves to a new plot. The major disadvantage of Shifting Cultivation is that many trees in the forest are cut and this increases soil infertility and leads to soil erosion.

30.) Spices like clove, pepper, cinnamon, and cardamom were produced in India and all these spices were of great demand in Europe. These are the primary reasons why European trading companies were attracted to India.

Answer 2

a) Shifting cultivation is generally practiced in the thickly forested areas. These are the areas of heavy rainfall and quick regeneration of vegetation. A plot of land is cleared by cutting the trees and burning them. The ashes are then mixed with the soil. After the soil loses its fertility, the land is abandoned and the cultivator moves to a new plot.

b) Spices like clove, pepper, cinnamon, and cardamom were produced in India and all these spices were of great demand in Europe. These are the primary reasons why European trading companies were attracted to India.