Question

(1) Somatic Cells reproduce by?​

Answer 1

Answer:

The cell division process that produces new cells for growth, repair, and the general replacement of older cells is called mitosis. In this process, a somatic cell divides into two complete new cells that are identical to the original one.

• Some human somatic cells are frequently replaced by new ones and other cells are rarely duplicated.  Hair, skin, fingernails, taste buds, and the stomach's protective lining are replaced constantly and at a rapid rate throughout our lives.  In contrast, brain and nerve cells in the central nervous system are rarely produced after we are a few months old.  Subsequently, if they are destroyed later, the loss is usually permanent, as in the case of paraplegics. 

• Liver cells usually do not reproduce after an individual has finished growing and are not replaced except when there is an injury.  Red blood cells are also somewhat of an exception.  While they are being constantly produced in our bone marrow, the specialized cells from which they come do not have nuclei nor do the red blood cells themselves.

Conception:

Sperm carries the father's chromosomes to the mother's ovum where they combine with her chromosomes at the time of conception.  Sperm cells are microscopic, but ova  may be large enough in some species to be visible with the naked eye.  Human ova are about the diameter of a hair.