Question

1. Some roots of the mangroves come out on the ground of the soil. Why?
2. What will happen if the cactus will have leaves with them?

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Answer 1

Answer:

1.They are known as Mangrove trees and they have aerial roots. ... Under the ground, the soil is not able to support or provide enough oxygen to the roots and therefore this root system outgrows aerial roots which grow vertically up to the fresh air above the soil.

2.A plant loses water though its leaves. ... The cactus does not have leaves to make food; it uses its stem instead. This adaptation greatly reduces water loss. The stem of the cactus also has a thick waxy surface which stops water passing through it.

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Answer 2

Mangroves are defined as assemblages of salt tolerant trees and shrubs that grow in the intertidal regions of the tropical and subtropical coastlines. They grow luxuriantly in the places where freshwater mixes with seawater and where sediment is composed of accumulated deposits of mud. Mangrove wetlands are normally classified into six types on the basis of the geophysical, geomorphological and biological factors. They are (a) river dominated, (b) tide dominated, (c) wave dominated, (d) composite river and wave dominated, (e) drowned bedrock valley mangroves and (f) mangroves in carbonate settings (Thom, 1984). The first five types of mangrove wetlands can be seen on coasts dominated by terrigenous sediments (shallow marine sediment consisting of material derived from the land surface) whereas the last one can be seen in oceanic islands, coral reefs and carbonate banks.

Mangroves of the Maldives belongs to carbonate setting type and within this broad category mangroves of the Maldives are found in four different environmental conditions: i) in the fringe area of some of the islands, where wave energy and wind speed is less and brackish water is present due to mixing of seawater with the margin of the freshwater lens, ii) in between two islands, where the water is shallow and there is accumulated deposits of sediments, iii) along the borders of lagoon that is connected to the sea, iv) along the borders of lagoon that has lost connection to the sea but receives seawater periodically through seepage and v) in shallow depressions, where rain water accumulates. Freshwater enters into all these types of mangroves through surface runoff and underground seepage. These areas normally receive limited amount of terrestrial sediment but they are rich in calcareous sediment or lime mud (marl).

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