Question

1. State the functions of a leaf.
2. What is pollination? Describe its types.
3.State the features commonly found in an insect-pollinated flower.
4.Explain the process of fertilisation
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Answer 1

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1.Its main functions are photosynthesis and gas exchange. A leaf is often flat, so it absorbs the most light, and thin, so that the sunlight can get to the chloroplasts in the cells. Most leaves have stomata, which open and close. They regulate carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapour exchange with the atmosphere.

2.There are two types of pollination, called self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination is the more basic type of pollination because it only involves one flower. This type of pollination occurs when pollen grains from the anther fall directly onto the stigma of the same flower.

3.Features of insect-pollinated flower: Flowers are brightly coloured, scented and secrete nectar. Pollen grains are larger, sticky and spiny. Pollen grains are fewer in number as they are transported mechanically by insects

4.The stages of fertilization can be divided into four processes:

1) sperm preparation,

2) sperm-egg recognition and binding,

3) sperm-egg fusion and

4) fusion of sperm and egg pronuclei and activation of the zygote.

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Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

1. State the functions of a leaf

Ans-Photosynthesis

The primary function of the leaf is the conversion of carbon dioxide, water, and UV light into sugar (e.g., glucose) via photosynthesis (shown below).

Transpiration

Transpiration refers to the movement of water through the plant, and subsequent evaporation via the leaves. When the stomata open to accommodate the diffusion of carbon dioxide into the plant for photosynthesis, water flows out.

Guttation

Guttation refers to the excretion of xylem from the edges of leaves and other vascular plants due to increased levels of water in the soil at night, when the stomata are closed.

Storage

Leaves are a primary site of water and energy storage since they provide the site of photosynthesis. Succulents are particularly adept at water storage, as evidenced by the thick leaves.

Defense

Some leaves have also evolved defense mechanisms to avoid being eaten or damaged. Some examples include the spines of cacti, cones of gymnosperms, respectively.

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2. What is pollination? Describe its types.

Ans Pollination is the act of transferring pollen grains from the male anther of a flower to the female stigma.

There are two types of pollination, called self-pollination and cross-pollination. Self-pollination is the more basic type of pollination because it only involves one flower.

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3.State the features commonly found in an insect-pollinated flower

Ans Features of insect-pollinated flower: Flowers are brightly coloured, scented and secrete nectar. Pollen grains are larger, sticky and spiny. Pollen grains are fewer in number as they are transported mechanically by insects.

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4.Explain the process of fertilisation

Ans Fertilization occurs when one of the sperm cells fuses with the egg inside of an ovule. After fertilization occurs, each ovule develops into a seed.