Question

1. The atom as a whole is electrically neutral. Justify
2. What do you think would be the observation if the alpha –particle scattering experiment is carried out using a foil of a metal other than gold?
3. Nucleus of an atom is charged. Comment.

Answer 1

Answer:

Atoms are electrically neutral because they have equal numbers of protons (positively charged) and electrons (negatively charged). If an atom gains or loses one or more electrons, it becomes an ion. If it gains one or more electrons, it now carries a net negative charge, and is thus "anionic.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

An atom is composed of positively charged particles. Majority of the mass of an atom was concentrated in a very small region. This region of the atom was called as the nucleus of an atom. It was found out later that the very small and dense nucleus of an atom is composed of neutrons and protons.

Atoms nucleus is surrounded by negatively charged particles called electrons.

The electrons revolve around the nucleus in a fixed circular path at very high speed. These fixed circular paths were termed as “orbits.”

An atom has no net charge or they are electrically neutral because electrons are negatively charged and the densely concentrated nucleus is positively charged. A strong electrostatic force of attractions holds together the nucleus and electrons.

The size of the nucleus of an atom is very small in comparison to the total size of an atom.

Thus, Rutherford's α-particle scattering experiment led to the conclusion that the mass and positive charge of an atom is concentrated in the nucleus