1. The black ink contains 3 dyes. Find a suitable method to separate those dyes.
2. A sound is heard 10 s later than the lightning is seen in the sky on a rainy day. Find the
distance of location of lightning? Given speed of sound = 350 ms-1.
3. Write the formula to find the diameter of the spherical object.
4. Compare the particle size of the true solution and the colloidal solution.
5. Write the names of four quantum numbers with their symbols.
6. Give the examples for an oxidizing and a reducing agent.
7. Write the isotopes of hydrogen.
8. Draw the coordinate covalent bond formation in Al2Cl6.
9. Find the oxidation number of Al2 (SO4)3.
10. Using the Lewis Dot Structure draw the covalent bond formation in H2O.
Answers
Answer:
1) Chromatography is a method of separating out materials from a mixture. Ink is a mixture of several dyes and therefore we can separate those colors from one another using chromatography. When ink is exposed to certain solvents the colors dissolve and can be seperated out.
2) Lightning and thunder are produced simultaneously, but the thunder is heard a few seconds after the lightning is seen. This is because the speed of light in air is more than the speed of sound in air.
The speed of light is given as 3×10
8
m/s. The speed of sound is 340 m/s. Thus, the entire time of 10 seconds (as mentioned in the question) between seeing the light and hearing the thunderstorm is taken by the sound to travel to the observer. Hence, the distance traveled by the thunder is given as follows.
s=vt; where,
s is the distance traveled, v is the velocity of sound and t is the time taken.
That is, 330m/s×10s=3400m=3.4km.
Thus, the distance traveled by the thunder is 3.4km.
3) Diameter of a sphere: d = 2 * r , Surface area of a sphere: A = 4 * π * r² , Volume of a sphere: V = 4/3 * π * r³ , Surface to volume ratio of a sphere: A / V = 3 / r .
4) Distinguish between the true solution and colloidal solution. Hint: In a true solution the particle size of the substance dissolved in the solvent is less than 1nm. In a colloidal solution the particle size of the substance dissolved in the solvent is 1-1000nm, which is much greater than that true solution.
5) Name Symbol
- Principal quantum number n
- Azimuthal quantum number. ℓ
- Magnetic quantum number. mℓ
- Spin quantum number ms. ms
6) One example is hydrogen gas, which acts as an oxidizing agent when it combines with metals and as a reducing agent when it reacts with nonmetals. Another example is hydrogen peroxide, in which the oxygen atom is in the -1 oxidation state.
7) There are three isotopes of the element hydrogen: hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium. How do we distinguish between them? They each have one single proton (Z = 1), but differ in the number of their neutrons. Hydrogen has no neutron, deuterium has one, and tritium has two neutrons.
8) The bonding in AlCl3 is essentially covalent as the Cl anion is so much larger than the Al3+ cation (Fajan’s rule). This leaves each Al with a ‘deficit’ of 2 electrons in its outer shell which it satisfies by forming a dative covalent bond with a Cl atom on an adjacent AlCl3 group. As each of 2 Al atoms does this then Aluminium Chloride is a covalent molecule (dimer) with the formula Al2Cl6.
9) S is +6. That last line Damon is showing that it checks out for S = +6 combined with -8 for the 4 O atoms leaves -2 for the SO4 ion as it should be.
10) answer is in above image
Explanation:-
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